Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 5, Kandika 8 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 5, KA"N"D"IK 8. 1. Now (follows the description of) the means of purification. p. 165 2. The body is purified by water, the understanding by knowledge, the soul by abstention from injuring living beings, the internal organ by truth. 2 3. Purifying the internal organ (is called)...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxi : CHAPTER XXI. 1. If a "S"dra approaches a female of the Brhma"n"a caste, (the king) shall cause the "S"dra to be tied up in Vra"n"a grass and shall throw him into a fire. He shall cause the head of the Brhma"n" to be shaved, and her body to be anointed with butter; placing her naked on a black...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 6, Kandika 14 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 6, KA"N"D"IK 14. 1. Earthen vessels that have been touched by impure persons (must be) exposed to (the flame of) a fire of Ku"s"a grass. 2. Those which have been defiled by stains of remnants (of food must be) exposed to another burning. 3. Those which have been defiled by urine...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 4 : PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 4. 1. Now if a student commits any act against his vow, eats meat, or approaches a woman, whenever any evil befals him, 1 2. He heaps fuel on the fire in the interior of the house, scatters (Ku"s"a grass) around it, and performs the ceremonies up to the end of the Agnimukha;...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 5, Kandika 9 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 5, KA"N"D"IK 9. 1. 'I satiate the deities of the eastern gate, Agni, Pra"g"pati, Soma, Rudra, Aditi, B"ri"haspati, together with the lunar mansions, with the planets, with the days and nights, and with the Muhrtas; Om, I also satiate the Vasus; 1 p. 253 2. 'Om, I satiate...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 3, Kandika 6 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 3, KA"N"D"IK 6. 1. Let him not put back into the dish a remnant of food. 1 2. If he eats (food), containing meat, fish, or sesamum, he shall (afterwards) wash and touch fire, 2 3. And bathe after sunset. 3 4. Let him avoid a seat, clogs, sticks for cleaning the teeth, and other...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 10, Kandika 18 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 10, KA"N"D"IK 18. 1. Now the following vows are (to be kept by an ascetic): 2. Abstention from injuring living beings, truthfulness, abstention from appropriating the property of others, continence, (and) liberality. 2 3. There are five minor vows, (viz.) abstention from anger...
Introduction To Vasishtha : p. xi INTRODUCTION TO VASISH"TH"A. THE Vsish"th"a Dharma"s"stra is, like that of Gautama, the last remnant of the Stras of a Vedic school, which, as far as our knowledge goes at present, has perished, together with the greater part of its writings. We owe the preservation of its Dharma-str...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 9 : PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 9. 1. Now, therefore, we will explain the rule of the Ana"s"natprya"n"a (recitation of the whole Veda during a fast). 2. Let him wear a clean garment or a dress made of bark (or grass). 2 3. Let him desire food, fit for a sacrifice, or water and fruit. 3 4. Going forth...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxiii : CHAPTER XXIII. 1. If a student has approached a woman, he shall slay in the forest, in a place where four roads meet 1 p. 118 [paragraph continues] (kindling) a common fire, an ass for the Rakshas (the goblins), 2. Or he may offer an oblation of rice ("k"aru) to Nir"ri"ti (the goddess of hell). 3...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 8, Kandika 16 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 8, KA"N"D"IK 16. 1. There are four castes (var"n"a, viz.) Brhma"n"as, Kshatriyas, Vai"s"yas, and "S"dras. 1 2. (Males) belonging to them (may take) wives according to the order of the castes, (viz.) a Brhma"n"a four, 2 3. A Kshatriya three, 4. A Vai"s"ya two, 5. A "S"dra one. 6...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 5, Kandika 11 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 5, KA"N"D"IK 11. 1. Referring to deaths and births, they declare that the impurity of Sapi"n"d"as lasts ten days; excepting officiating priests, men who have performed the initiatory ceremony of a Soma-sacrifice, and students of the Veda. 1 2. But amongst Sapi"n"d"...
Vasishtha. Chapter X : CHAPTER X. 1. Let an ascetic depart from his house, giving a promise of safety from injury to all animated beings. 1 2. Now they quote also (the following verses): 'That ascetic who wanders about at peace with all creatures, forsooth, has nothing to fear from any living being,' 2 3. 'But he who...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 5, Kandika 10 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 5, KA"N"D"IK 10. 1. 'A drop of water which is allowed to fall (on the ground) purifies a bull's hide of land, whether (the land) has been (previously) swept or not, provided no impure substance is visible on it.' 1 2. Food which is cooked out of sight must be illuminated (with...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 8 : PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 8. 1. Now, therefore, we will explain the rule of the "K"ndrya"n"a (lunar penance). 1 2. Let him fast on the fourteenth day of the bright half of the month. 3. Having had the hair on his head, his beard, the hair on his body, and his nails, or his beard alone, cut, let him...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 5, Kandika 9 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 5, KA"N"D"IK 9. 1. The Veda declares that the hand of an artisan is always pure, so is every vendible commodity exposed for sale and food obtained by begging, which a student holds in. his hand. 1 2. A calf is pure on the flowing (of the milk), a bird on the fall of the fruit...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 3, Kandika 5 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 3, KA"N"D"IK 5. 1. Now (follow the duties) of a Sntaka. 1 p. 159 2. He shall wear a lower garment and upper garment. 2 3. Let him carry a staff made of bamboo, 4. And a pot filled with water. 5. Let him wear two sacrificial threads. 6. (He shall possess) a turban, an upper...
Introduction To Baudhayana : p. xxix INTRODUCTION TO BAUDHYANA. THE case of the Baudhyana Dharma-stra is in many respects analogous to that of the Institutes of the Sacred Law, current in the schools of pastamba and Hira"n"yake"s"in. Like the latter, it is the work of a teacher of the Black Ya"g"ur-veda, who composed manuals...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 11, Kandika 21 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 11, KA"N"D"IK 21. 1. The Veda declares, The quality of the offspring depends on the quality of the marriage rite.' 1 2. Now they quote also (the following verses): 'It is declared that a female who has been purchased for money is not a wife. She cannot (assist) at sacrifices...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 6 : PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 6. 1. Now if a man feels his conscience charged with (evil) actions committed by himself, let him boil for himself (alone), when the stars have risen, a handful of barley, (and prepare) gruel (with that). 1 2. Let him not perform the Vai"s"vadeva oblation with (a portion of)...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 2 : PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 2. 1. As regards (the mode of subsistence called) Sha"n"n"ivartan, (that) is (as follows): p. 288 2. He cultivates six Nivartanas (of) fallow (land); he gives a share to the owner (of the soil), or solicits his permission (to keep the whole produce). 2 3. Let him plough before...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 10, Kandika 17 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 10, KA"N"D"IK 17. 1. Now we will explain the rule for entering the order of ascetics (sa"m"nysa). 2. Some (teachers say), 'He who has finished his studentship may become an ascetic immediately on (the completion of) that.' 2 3. But (according to others, asceticism is befitting)...
Vasishtha. Chapter I : p. 1 VASISH"TH"A. CHAPTER I. 1. Now, therefore, the desire to know the sacred law for their welfare (should arise) in (initiated) men. 1 2. He who knows and follows the (sacred law is called) a righteous man. 3. He becomes most worthy of praise in this world and after death gains heaven. 3 4...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 5, Kandika 12 : p. 184 PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 5, KA"N"D"IK 12. 1. Tame animals must not be eaten, 1 2. Nor carnivorous and (tame) birds, 2 3. Nor (tame) cocks and pigs; 3 4. Goats and sheep (are) excepted (from the above prohibition). 5. Five five-toed animals may be eaten, (viz.) the porcupine, the iguana, the hare...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 6, Kandika 13 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 6, KA"N"D"IK 13. 1. The gods enjoy a pure sacrifice (only); 1 2. For the gods are desirous of purity and (themselves) pure. 3. The following ("Ri"k") declares that, 'To you, O Maruts, the pure ones, pure viands; to you, the pure ones, I offer a pure sacrifice. They who love...
Vasishtha. Chapter Ii : p. 9 CHAPTER II. 1. There are four castes (var"n"a), Brhma"n"as, Kshatriyas, Vai"s"yas, and "S"dras. 1 2. Three castes, Brhma"n"as, Kshatriyas, and Vai"s"yas, (are called) twice-born. 3. Their first birth is from their mother; the second from the investiture with the sacred girdle. In that (second...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 3, Kandika 5 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 3, KA"N"D"IK 5. 1. Bathing is suitable for (the practice of) austerity. 2. The libation to the manes (is offered) after the gods have been satisfied (with water), 3. They pour out water which gives strength, from one Trtha after the other. 3 4. Now they quote also (the following...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xiv : CHAPTER XIV. 1. Now, therefore, we will declare what may be eaten and what may not be eaten. 2. Food given by a physician, a hunter, a woman of bad character, a mace-bearer, a thief, an Abhi"s"asta, a eunuch, (or) an outcast must not be eaten, 2 3. (Nor that given) by a miser, one who has performed...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 8, Kandika 14 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 8, KA"N"D"IK 14. 1. The offering to the manes secures long life and heaven, is worthy of praise and a rite ensuring prosperity. 1 2. Persons who sanctify the company are, a Trimadhu, a Tri"n"k"iketa, a Trisupar"n"a, one who keeps five fires, and one who knows the six Agas, one...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 4, Kandika 7 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 4, KA"N"D"IK 7. 1. Now, therefore, we will declare the rule for (performing) the twilight devotions. p. 246 2. Going to a (sacred) bathing-place, he shall bathe, in case he is impure; in case he is pure, he may, optionally, omit the bath. (But in either case) he shall wash his...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 10, Kandika 18 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 10, KA"N"D"IK 18. 1. Let the king protect (his) subjects, receiving as his pay a sixth part (of their incomes or spiritual merit). 1 2. Brahman, forsooth, placed its majesty in the Brhma"n"as, together with (the duties and privileges of) studying, teaching, sacrificing...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xx : CHAPTER XX. 1. A penance (shall be performed) for an offence committed unintentionally. 1 2. Some (declare that it shall be performed) also for (a fault) committed intentionally. 3. 'The spiritual teacher corrects the learned; the king corrects the evil-minded; but Yama, the son of Vivasv...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 1, Kandika 2 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 1, KA"N"D"IK 2. 1. Now (follow the offences) causing loss of caste (patanya), 1 2. (Viz.) making voyages by sea, 2 p. 218 3. Stealing the property of a Brhma"n"a or a deposit, 4. Giving false evidence regarding land, 5. Trading with merchandise of any description (whether...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iv, Adhyaya 7 : PRA"S"NA IV, ADHYYA 7. 1. The wishes of a Brhma"n"a who has left off evil deeds and is (ever) engaged in holy works are fulfilled even without (the practice of) restraints. 1 2. Upright Brhma"n"as quickly accomplish whatever p. 330 they wish in their hearts, if they are purified by honest actions...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 1, Kandika 2 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 1, KA"N"D"IK 2. 1. There is a dispute regarding five (practices) both in the south and in the north. 1 2. We will explain those (peculiar) to the south. 3. They are, to eat in the company of an uninitiated person, to eat in the company of one's wife, to eat stale food, to marry...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxiv : CHAPTER XXIV. 1. Now (follows the description of) an Atik"ri"k"kh"ra penance. 1 2. Let him eat as much as he can take at one (mouthful, and follow the rules given) above for a K"ri"k"kh"ra, (viz.) to eat during three days in the morning, (during another three days) in the evening, (during further...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 4, Kandika 7 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 4, KA"N"D"IK 7. 1. 'Formerly (the use of) a waterpot has been prescribed by Brahman and the chief sages for the purification of twice-born men. Therefore he shall always carry one.' 1 'He who desires his own welfare, shall use it without hesitation, for purifying (his person)...
Vasishtha. Chapter Vi : CHAPTER VI. 1. (To live according to) the rule of conduct is doubtlessly the highest duty of all men. He whose soul is defiled by vile conduct perishes in this world and in the next. 1 2. Neither austerities, nor (the study of) the Veda, nor (the performance of) the Agnihotra, nor lavish liberality...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iv, Adhyaya 3 : PRA"S"NA IV, ADHYYA 3. 1. We will explain the (secret) penances which are not prescribed (by others, but by the offender himself, and) particularly what shall be done in (case) faults (have been committed) by men who, with concentrated minds, (are) intent (on the performance of their duties). 1 2...
Title Page : THE SACRED LAWS OF THE RYAS AS TAUGHT IN THE SCHOOLS OF PASTAMBA, GUATAMA, VSISH"TH"A, AND BAUDHYANA TRANSLATED BY GEORG BHLER Part II VSISH"TH"A AND BAUDHYANA Sacred Books Of The East, Vol. 2 Oxford: The Clarendon Press [1882] NOTICE OF ATTRIBUTION Scanned and proofed , July 2005. Proofed...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxix : p. 136 CHAPTER XXIX. 1. Through liberality (man) obtains all his desires, 2. (Even) longevity, (and he is born again as) a student of the Veda, possessed of beauty. 3. He who abstains from injuring (sentient beings) obtains heaven. 4. By entering a fire the world of Brahman (is gained). 4 5. By...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 7, Kandika 13 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 7, KA"N"D"IK 13. 1. Now they quote also (the following verse): 'As cotton and reeds, thrown into a fire, blaze up, even so all the guilt of him who sacrifices to the soul is consumed;' p. 265 2. (Moreover), 'He who eats merely (in order to satisfy his own hunger) reaps only...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 2, Kandika 3 : p. 224 PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 2, KA"N"D"IK 3. 1. A Brhma"n"a who always carries water (in his pot), who always wears the sacred thread, who daily recites the Veda, who avoids the food of "S"dras, who approaches (his wife) in the proper season, and offers sacrifices in accordance with the rules...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xix : CHAPTER XIX. 1. The particular duty of a king is to protect (all) beings; by fulfilling it (he obtains) success (in this world and in the next). 1 2. Those learned (in the sacred law) declare that to be free from fear and pity is, indeed, a life-long sacrificial session (sattra, to be performed by...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iv, Adhyaya 5 : PRA"S"NA IV, ADHYYA 5. 1. Now, therefore, I will proclaim by what rites, connected with the Sman, Rik, Ya"g"us, and Atharva-vedas, 1 p. 323 [paragraph continues] (man) quickly attains the wishes of his heart. 2. Having purified his body by muttered prayers, burnt oblations, Ish"t"is, restraints...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 2, Kandika 3 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 2, KA"N"D"IK 3. 1. The (term of the) studentship for (learning the) Veda, as kept by the ancients, (is) forty-eight years, 1 2. (Or) twenty-four (years), or twelve for each Veda, 2 3. Or at the least one year for each K"n"d"a, 3 4. Or until (the Veda has been) learned; for life...
Untitled : THE SACRED LAWS OF THE RYAS TRANSLATED BY GEORG BHLER PART II: VSISH"TH"A AND BAUDHYANA ("Sacred Books Of The East, Volume 14.") [1882] Title Page Contents Introduction to Vsish"th"a Introduction to Baudhyana VASISHTHA Chapter I Chapter II Chapter III Chapter IV Chapter V Chapter VI Chapter VII...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xv : CHAPTER XV. 1. Man formed of uterine blood and virile seed proceeds from his mother and his father (as an effect) from its cause. 1 2. (Therefore) the father and the mother have power to give, to sell, and to abandon their (son). 3. But let him not give or receive (in adoption) an only son; 3 4...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iv, Adhyaya 1 : PRA"S"NA IV, ADHYYA 1. 1. We will separately explain the various penances for the several offences, both heavier and lighter ones. 2. Let him prescribe whatever may be befitting for each (case),--heavier (penances) for great (crimes) and easier ones for trivial (faults). 3. Let him perform...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 1, Kandika 1 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 1, KA"N"D"IK 1. 1. Now, therefore, the penances (will be described). 2. The murderer of a learned Brhma"n"a (shall practise the following vow) during twelve years: 2 3. Carrying a skull (instead of a dish) and the foot of a bedstead (instead of a staff), dressed in the hide...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 7, Kandika 12 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 7, KA"N"D"IK 12. 1. Now we will explain the oblations (offered) to the vital air (pr"n"a) by "S"lnas (householders) and Yyvaras (vagrants), who sacrifice to the soul. 1 2. At the end of all the necessary (daily rites), let him sit down, facing the east, in a place that has been...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xiii : CHAPTER XIII. 1. Now, therefore, the Upkarman (or the rite preparatory to the study) of the Veda (must be performed) on the full moon day of the month "S"rva"n"a or Praush"th"apada. 1 2. Having kindled the sacred fire, he offers (therein) unground (rice) grains, 3. To the gods, to the "Ri"shis...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iv, Adhyaya 8 : PRA"S"NA IV, ADHYYA 8. 1. He who, through excessive greed or carelessness, performs this rite for others, is tainted by sin, and perishes like one who has swallowed poison. 2. A Brhma"n"a who performs this rite for his teacher, his father, his mother, or for himself is resplendent like the sun...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 5, Kandika 10 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 5, KA"N"D"IK 10. 1. Om, I satiate the fathers, Svadh, adoration! the grandfathers; the great-grandfathers; the mothers; the grandmothers; the great-grandmothers; the maternal grandfathers; the maternal grandmother; the mother's grandmother; the mother's great-grandmother. 2. 'Om...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 6, Kandika 11 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 6, KA"N"D"IK 11. 1. Now these five great sacrifices, which are also called the great sacrificial sessions, are the sacrifice to be offered to the gods, the sacrifice to be offered to the manes, the sacrifice to be offered to all beings, the sacrifice to be offered to men, (and)...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 1, Kandika 1 : p. 143 BAUDHYANA. PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 1, KA"N"D"IK 1. 1. The sacred law is taught in each Veda. 1 2. We will explain (it) in accordance with that. 3. (The sacred law), taught in the Tradition (Sm"ri"ti, stands) second. 3 4. The practice of the "S"ish"t"as (stands) third. 4 5. "S"ish"t"as, forsooth...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iv, Adhyaya 4 : PRA"S"NA IV, ADHYYA 4. 1. We will explain the (secret) penances which are not prescribed (by others, but by the offender himself, and) particularly what shall be done in (case) faults (have been committed) by men who, with concentrated minds, (are) intent (on the performance of their duties). p...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xi : CHAPTER XI. 1. Six persons are (particularly) worthy to receive the honey-mixture (madhuparka), 1 2. (Viz.) an officiating priest, the bridegroom of one's daughter, a king, a paternal uncle, a Sntaka, a maternal uncle, as well as (others enumerated elsewhere). 3. (A householder) shall offer, both...
Vasishtha. Chapter Iii : CHAPTER III. 1. (Brhma"n"as) who neither study nor teach the Veda nor keep sacred fires become equal to "S"dras; 1 2. And they quote a verse of Manu on this (subject), 'A twice-born man, who not having studied the Veda applies himself to other (and worldly study), soon falls, even while living...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xvii : p. 84 CHAPTER XVII. 1. The father throws his debts on the (son) and obtains immortality if he sees the face of a living son. 1 2. It is declared in the Veda, 'Endless are the worlds of those who have sons; there is no place for the man who is destitute of male offspring.' 2 3. There is a curse...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xii : p. 59 CHAPTER XII. 1. Now, therefore, the duties of a Sntaka (will be explained). 1 2. Let him not beg from anybody except from a king and a pupil. 2 3. But let him ask, if pressed by hunger, for some (small gift) only, a cultivated or uncultivated field, a cow, a goat or a sheep, (or) at the last...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 10, Kandika 19 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 10, KA"N"D"IK 19. 1. For slaying a Kshatriya (the offender) shall 1 p. 202 give to the king one thousand cows and besides a bull in expiation of his sin, 2. For (slaying) a Vai"s"ya one hundred cows, for (slaying) a "S"dra ten; and a bull (must be) added (in each case). 2 3...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 9, Kandika 16 : p. 271 PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 9, KA"N"D"IK 16. 1. (Now follows some) advice for him who is desirous of offspring. 2. The two A"s"vins have declared, that fame is gained by the procreation (of sons); 3. 'Performing acts which tend to prolong life and austerities, intent on the performance...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 2, Kandika 4 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 2, KA"N"D"IK 4. 1. 'Anybody but a Brhma"n"a shall suffer corporal punishment for adultery.' 1 2. 'The wives (of men) of all castes must be guarded more carefully than wealth.' 2 3. 'But corporal punishment (shall) not (be inflicted) for (adultery with) the wives of minstrels...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 8, Kandika 15 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 8, KA"N"D"IK 15. 1. Now indeed (that) happens (also which the following verses teach): 2. 'Let him sprinkle that food with the remainder of the burnt oblations. But what is given without (touching it with) the thumb does not gladden the manes.' 2 3. 'The malevolent Asuras seek...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxviii : CHAPTER XXVIII. 1. A woman is not defiled by a lover, nor a Brhma"n"a by Vedic rites, nor water by urine and ordure, nor fire by consuming (impure substances). 1 p. 133 2-3. A wife, (though) tainted by sin, whether she be quarrelsome, or have left the house, or have suffered criminal force, or have...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iv, Adhyaya 2 : PRA"S"NA IV, ADHYYA 2. 1. We will separately explain the various penances for the several offences, both heavier and lighter ones. 2. Let him prescribe whatever may be befitting for each (case),--heavier penances for great (crimes), and lighter ones for trivial (faults). 3. Let him perform...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 2, Kandika 4 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 2, KA"N"D"IK 4. 1. If merit and wealth are not (obtained by teaching), nor (at least) the due obedience, one should die with one's learning; one should not sow it on barren soil. 1 p. 156 2. As fire consumes dry grass, even so the Veda, asked for, (but) not honoured, (destroys...
Vasishtha. Chapter Vii : CHAPTER VII. 1. There are four orders, 1 2. Viz. (that of) the student, (that of) the house-holder, (that of) the hermit, and (that of) the ascetic. 3. A man who has studied one, two, or three Vedas without violating the rules of studentship, may enter any of these (orders), whichsoever he pleases...
Vasishtha. Chapter Viii : CHAPTER VIII. 1. (A student who desires to become) a house-holder shall bathe, free from anger and elation, with the permission of his teacher, and take for a wife a young female of his own caste, who does neither belong to the same Gotra nor has the same Pravara, who has not had intercourse (with...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxii : CHAPTER XXII. 1. Now, indeed, man (in) this (world) speaks an untruth, or sacrifices for men unworthy to offer a sacrifice, or accepts what ought not to be accepted, or eats forbidden food, or practises what ought not to be practised. 1 p. 116 2. They are in doubt if he shall perform a penance...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 4, Kandika 6 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 4, KA"N"D"IK 6. 1. Now (those who know the law) prescribe the carrying of a waterpot. 1 2. It is declared (in the Vedas) that fire (resides) in the right ear of a goat, in the right hand of a Brhma"n"a, likewise in water (and) in a bundle of Ku"s"a grass. Therefore after personal...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iv, Adhyaya 6 : PRA"S"NA IV, ADHYYA 6. 1. The (eleven Anuvkas called) Rudras together with (the ten hymns) seen by Madhu"k"kh"andas, the Gyatr with the syllable Om, and likewise the seven Vyh"ri"tis (are the texts) which should be muttered (and) which remove guilt. 1 2. The M"ri"gresh"t"i, the Pavitresh"t"i...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xvi : CHAPTER XVI. 1. Now (follow the rules regarding) legal proceedings. 2. Let the king (or) his minister transact the business on the bench. 2 3. When two (parties) have a dispute, let him not be partial to one of them. 3 p. 79 4. Let him reason properly regarding an offence; finally the offence (will...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xviii : CHAPTER XVIII. 1. They declare that the offspring of a "S"dra and of a female of the Brhma"n"a caste becomes a "K"n"d"la, 1 2. (That of a "S"dra and) of a female of the Kshatriya caste, a Vai"n"a, 3. (That of a "S"dra and) of a female of the Vai"s"ya caste, an Antyvasyin. 4. They declare th...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 10 : p. 310 PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 10. 1. The law of castes and of orders has been declared. 1 2. Now, indeed, man (in) this (world is polluted) by a vile action or acts wrongly, (e.g.) sacrifices for men. unworthy to offer a sacrifice, accepts presents from those whose gifts ought not to be accepted...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 3 : PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 3. 1. Now the hermits in the wood belong to two classes, 1 p. 292 2. Those who cook (their food), and those who do not cook it. 3. Among them, those who cook (their food are divided) into five subdivisions, (viz.) those who eat everything which the forest contains, those who...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 7 : p. 300 PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 7. 1. 'Let him who considers himself impure offer (burnt oblations), reciting the Kshm"n"d"as.' 1 2, 'He who has had forbidden intercourse, or has committed a crime against nature, becomes even like a thief, even like the slayer of a learned Brhma"n"a.' 3. 'He is freed...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 11, Kandika 20 : p. 205 PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 11, KA"N"D"IK 20. 1. (There are) eight marriage-rites. 1 2. If (the father) gives (his daughter) to a student (who has not broken his vow of chastity and) who asks for her, after fully enquiring into his learning and character, that (is) the rite.of Brahman (brhma). 2 3...
Vasishtha. Chapter V : p. 31 CHAPTER V. 1. A woman is not independent, the males are her masters. It has been declared in the Veda, 'A female who neither goes naked nor is temporarily unclean is paradise.' 1 2. Now they quote also (the following verse): 'Their fathers protect them in childhood, their husbands protect...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxvi : CHAPTER XXVI. 1. If, untired, he performs three suppressions of his breath according to the rule, the sins which he committed during a day and a night are instantly destroyed. 1 2. Seated during the evening prayer, he removes by (three) suppressions of his breath all guilt which 2 p. 127 he...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 7, Kandika 15 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 7, KA"N"D"IK 15. 1. The sacred fires (shall be) approached from the north, 1 2. (And be) left in the same manner. 3. The contrary (proceeding should be adopted at sacrifices offered) to the manes. 3 p. 193 4. Let him wash that which has been touched with (his) foot. 5. Let him...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxvii : CHAPTER XXVII. 1. If a hundred improper acts, and even more, have been committed, and the (knowledge of the) 1 p. 130 [paragraph continues] Veda is retained, the fire of the Veda destroys all (the guilt) of that man just as a (common) fire consumes fuel. 2. As a fire that burns strongly consumes...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxx : CHAPTER XXX. 1. Practise righteousness, not unrighteousness; speak truth, not untruth; look far, not near; look towards the Highest, not towards that which is not the Highest. 2. A Brhma"n"a is a fire. 2 3. For the Veda (says), 'Agni, forsooth, is a Brhma"n"a.' 3 4. And how is that? 5. And it is...
Parisishta. Prasna Vii, Adhyaya 5 : p. 334 PARI"S"ISH"T"A. PRA"S"NA VII, ADHYYA 5. 1. We will explain the rule for the adoption of a son. 1 2. Man, formed of virile seed and uterine blood, proceeds from his mother and father (as an effect) from its cause. 2 3. (Therefore) the father and the mother have power to give, to ab...
Baudhayana. Prasna I, Adhyaya 9, Kandika 17 : PRA"S"NA I, ADHYYA 9, KA"N"D"IK 17. 1. The Rathakra (carpenter), the Ambash"th"a, the Sta (charioteer), the Ugra, the Mgadha, the yogava, the Vai"n"a, the Kshatt"ri", the Pulkasa, the Kukku"t"a, the Vaidehaka, the "K"a"n"d"la, and so forth, 1 2. Among these, sons of equal caste (spring) from women...
Vasishtha. Chapter Iv : CHAPTER IV. 1. The four castes are distinguished by their origin and by particular sacraments. 1 2. There is also the following passage of the Veda, 'The Brhma"n"a was his mouth, the Kshatriya formed his arms, the Vai"s"ya his thighs; the "S"dra was born from his feet.' 2 3. It has been declared...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 1 : PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 1. Now, therefore, (we will speak) of those who desire (to fulfil) the duties of Slnas (dwellers in houses), Yyvaras (wanderers), and "K"akra"k"aras (circle-goers), who subsist by nine (different) means of livelihood. 2. The term livelihood' (v"ri"tti) is used because they...
Vasishtha. Chapter Xxv : CHAPTER XXV. 1. I will completely explain the purification of those whose guilt has not been made public, both from great crimes and for minor offences. p. 125 2. A penance prescribed in (the section on) secret (penances) is for an Agnihotrin, an aged and a learned man, who have subdued their...
Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 5 : p. 296 PRA"S"NA III, ADHYYA 5. 1. Now we will explain the rule of the most holy Aghamarsha"n"a. 1 2. He goes to a bathing-place and bathes (there). Dressed in a pure dress let him raise, close to the water, an altar, and moistening his clothes by one (application of water), and filling his h...
Baudhayana. Prasna Ii, Adhyaya 5, Kandika 8 : PRA"S"NA II, ADHYYA 5, KA"N"D"IK 8. 1. Now, after washing his hands, he shall take his waterpot and a clod of earth, go to a (sacred) bathing-place and thrice clean his feet (with earth and water) and thrice his body. 1 2. Now some say, 'One must not enter a burial-ground, water, a temple, a cowpen...
Vasishtha. Chapter Ix : CHAPTER IX. 1. A hermit shall wear (his hair in) braids, and dress (in garments made of) bark and skins; 1 2. And he shall not enter a village. 2 3. He shall not step on ploughed (land). 3 4. He shall gather wild growing roots and fruit (only). 4 5. He shall remain chaste. 5 6. His heart shall be...
