Iii. A Ghazzalian Philosophy Of Religion : III. A GHAZZALIAN PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION On the whole it is the final section on the Veils-Tradition which, though really of the nature of an appendix, contains the most numerous and the most interesting problems for the study of Ghazzl's inner life, thought, and convictions. This tradition speaks...
Title Page : MISHKT AL-ANWAR ("THE NICHE FOR LIGHTS") BY AL-GHAZZALI [1058-1111 C.E.] A TRANSLATION WITH INTRODUCTION BY W. H. T. {WILLIAM HENRY TEMPLE} GAIRDNER [b. 1873, d. 1928] B.A. OXON; C.M.S. MISSIONARY IN CAIRO; DIRECTOR OF THE SCHOOL FOR ORIENTAL STUDIES, CAIRO {First published as Monograph Vol. XIX by...
Part Iii. The Application To The Light Verse : PART III.--THE APPLICATION TO THE LIGHT-VERSE AND THE VEILS TRADITION ("i") THE EXPOSITION OF THE SYMBOLISM OF THE LIGHT-VERSE We now come to what the symbolism of this Verse actually signifies. The full exposition of the parallelism between these five classes of Spirit, and the fivefold Niche;...
Ii. Mysteries Left Veiled In This Treatise : II. MYSTERIES LEFT VEILED IN THIS TREATISE In the course of all this Ghazzl gives us, incidentally, much that excites our curiosity to the highest degree; though always, when we get to the crucial point, we meet a "perhaps," or a patronizing allusion to the immaturity of his less-initiated reader...
Author's Preface : AUTHOR'S PREFACE I AM so conscious that my general equipment was insufficient to warrant my having undertaken an "introduction" to this treatise (in addition to the translation), that my utmost hope is this,--that what I have written may be regarded by lenient Orientalists as something...
X. Pantheism And Al Ghazzali, In Al Mishkat : X. PANTHEISM AND AL-GHAZZALI, IN AL-MISHKAT The root question in regard to al-Ghazzl, and every other advanced mystic and adept in Islm, is the question of Pantheism: did he succeed in balancing himself upon the edge of the pantheistic abyss, and finding some foothold for his creationist theism...
Translation : TRANSLATION [The references in square brackets are to the pages of the Cairo Arabic edition. {these are written in the form [p. 3], to avoid confusion with the footnote indicators.--jbh}] THE NICHE FOR LIGHTS ("Mishkt al-Anwr") Praise to ALLAH! who poureth forth light; and giveth sight;...
Part Ii. The Science Of Symbolism : PART II.--THE SCIENCE OF SYMBOLISM, PROLEGOMENA TO THE EXPLANATION OF THE SYMBOLISM OF THE NICHE, THE LAMP, THE GLASS, THE TREE, THE OIL, AND THE FIRE The exposition of this symbolism involves, first of all, two cardinal considerations, which afford limitless scope for investigation, but to. which...
Introduction : INTRODUCTION The references in square brackets are to the pages of the Cairo Arabic edition, and to the present English translation. THE MISHKT AL-ANWAR is a work of extreme interest from the viewpoint of al-Ghazzl's inner life and esoteric thought. The glimpses it gives of that life and thought...
Vi. One Solution Of The Problem Of The Vicegerent : VI. ONE SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM OF THE VICEGERENT In the absence of "the book" into which Ghazzl put these secret opinions, or inconceivable mysteries, including, we may suppose, the secret of this mysterious Vicegerent, we are not likely to reach any authoritative settlement of the question: n...
Iv. Ghazzali Problems Raised : IV. GHAZZALI PROBLEMS RAISED BY THE FOREGOING The mere perusal of this graded scale of systems and of souls shows at once its extraordinary interest because of its revelation of Ghazzl's innermost thought about these things, and because of the piquancy and difficulty of some of the problems raised...
Ix. Anthropomorphism And Theomorphism : IX. ANTHROPOMORPHISM AND THEOMORPHISM IN AL-MISHKAT The doctrine of "mukhlafa"--that the divine essence and characteristics wholly and entirely "differ from" the human-appears to be [1. Tah., p. 60. Quoted in the writer's article in "Der Islm", see pp. 134-6, 151, 152, where parts of the subject...
V. The Problem Of The Vicegerent In Ibn Rushd : V. THE PROBLEM OF THE VICEGERENT IN IBN RUSHD AND IBN TUFAIL After this it will cause no surprise that it is this figure of the Vicegerent ("al-Mut`... alladh amara bi tahrk il-samwt") who excited the curiosity and suspicion of thinkers in the century after Ghazzl's death. The passage is at least...
Part I. Light, And Lights. Preliminary Studies : PART I.--LIGHT, AND LIGHTS: PRELIMINARY STUDIES 1. "Light" as Physical Light; as the Eye; as the Intelligence The Real Light is Allh; and the name "light" is otherwise only predicated metaphorically and conveys no real meaning. To explain this theme: you must know that the word light is employed...
Vii. Another Solution : VII. ANOTHER SOLUTION But there are other passages in our treatise which, when carefully studied, lead to the belief that in Ghazzl's own mind--though the identification is nowhere explicitly stated or significantly hinted--the "Mut`" is none than "al-Rh", THE SPIRIT OF ALLAH. In S. 17, 87...
Acknowledgment : ACKNOWLEDGMENT I HAVE greatly profited from hints, generously lavished in the course of correspondence, from Professors D.B. MACDONALD, R. NICHOLSON, and LOUIS MASSIGNON, in addition to recent works by the last two. My cordial thanks to these; and also to Professor D.S. MARGOLIOUTH for discussing...
Viii. Al Ghazzali And The Seven Spheres : VIII. AL-GHAZZALI AND THE SEVEN SPHERES The Seven Planetary Heavens played a great part in Platonic, Neoplatonic, and Gnostic-theosophical schemes. The naive adoption by Mohammed (in the Koran) of the Ptolemaic celestial construction was one of the things which added picturesqueness to early...
