From 'sankaracarya. Waves Of Bliss
*
"Hymns to the Goddess", by John Woodroffe (Arthur Avalon), [1913],
p. 180
Waves Of Bliss
(nandalahar)
1
O Bhavn, 1 the four-headed Lord of creatures, 2 is not able to worship Thee,
Nor even the five-headed destroyer of the Tripur, 3
Nor the six-headed commander of the celestial hosts, 4
Nor even the thousand-headed Lord of serpents. 5
If, then, they cannot, tell me who else is able so to do?
2
O Dev! how can we speak of Thy qualities,
Which are not to be described by any "Nigama", 6
As the sweetness of ghee, 7milk, the grape, and honey
p. 181
Cannot be distinguished and described by words,
But may be perceived by the tongue only;
In like manner Thy beauty can be seen only by the eyes of Paramevara. 1
3
We ever pray to Thee, O Gaur! 2
Youthful daughter of the Lord of mountains.
Beautiful is the betel 3 in Thy mouth
And the collyrium on Thy eyes;
Beautiful, too, are the saffron on Thy forehead,
The necklet of pearls on Thy throat,
Thy silken garment and the glittering gold waist-ornament on Thy large hips. 4
4
May Bhagavat, 5 Sat, 6 whose lotus eyes sparkle, 7
Spouse of ambhu, 8 on the slope of whose breasts
Rests a beautiful garland of the flowers of the Mandra tree, 9
Whose earring is the pleasing sound from the "vn", 10
p. 182
Who stoops (from the weight of her breasts), 1
Whose beautiful swaying gait is that of the female elephant 2--
May that Bhagavat be ever victorious!
5
O beauteous Apar! 3
Bestow the fulness of happiness on me,
Thou whose limbs art covered
With ornaments of gold and gems glittering like the newly risen sun,
Whose eyes are beautiful as those of a doe,
Of whom iva is a part, 4
Who is of the golden colour of lightning,
Beauteous in yellow garments and tinkling anklets.
6
Shines forth does the Dev born in the snowy mountains. 5
p. 183
Her beautiful hands are like a red leaf. 1
She is adorned with beautiful flowers and pearls.
Her head, by its weight of hair, seems covered by a swarm of bees. 2
It is She with whom iva seeks shelter,
Who stoops from the weight of Her breasts, 3
Whose words are sweet,
The Destructress of ills, 4
Ever and in all places pervading, 5
Tender creeper 6 of Intelligence and Bliss. 7
7
Others worship with reverence the plant with leaves and particular qualities,
But I know that Apar alone in this world should be worshipped. 8
Then the old iva garmented with space
p. 184
Surely grants to Thy worshipper the fruit of full liberation. 1
8
Thou art the Mother of all Vedas,
The regulator of all "dharmas" 2
And the root of all wealth--
Thou whose lotus feet are worshipped even by the wealth-giver. 3
O Mother! Thou art the primal cause of all desires.
Victrix of Kandarpa, 4 Thou art the seed of liberation for the good. 5
Thou art the Spouse of the Parabrahman. 6
9
Although my mind be fickle and wanting in great devotion to Thee,
Yet by Thy mercy Thou should look auspiciously upon me.
The cloud gives sweet water to the mouth of the "Ctaka" 7 bird.
p. 185
I know not by what (good) fate my mind is directed. 1
10
O virtuous One, from the corner of Thine eyes
Cast now a glance of kindness upon me;
Neglect so to do is not proper on Thy part,
Seeing that I have reached the refuge of Thy initiation.
Alas! the creeper of desire, 2 whose very name shows that it gives desire,
Yet cannot give that which is desired,
What difference is there between it and any other common creeper?
11
I, though I have sought refuge with other Devats,
Have yet placed full trust in Thy lotus feet.
If, nevertheless, your heart is not timely set on me,
Then with whom shall I in my helplessness seek shelter,
O Mother of the big-bellied one! 3
12
As iron touched by the touchstone becomes at once gold,
p. 186
As the water of the roadway mixed with that of the Ganges becomes pure,
In like manner will not my heart,
Greatly soiled though it be by my great sins 1
Become pure if attached with devotion to Thee?
13
O n, 2 as the old Lotus-Born 3 and others have said,
The rule is that if others than Thyself art worshipped,
Only the particular fruit desired is gained;
But Thou giveth more even than is asked for.
Make me, then, ever attached to Thee by day and night.
14
O Spouse of the great Lord of the three worlds! 4
Most pleasant is Thy abode,
The walls wher glitter with various gems and crystals,
Whereon Thy image is reflected.
On the summit of Thy abode the quivering light waves of the moon (are shed).
Therein dwell Mukunda, 5 Brahm, and other Devas.
It is ever victorious.
p. 187
15
Thy dwelling is in Mount Kailsa. 1
Thy worshippers are Brahm, Indra, and other Devas.
All are subservient to Thee in the three regions. 2
The number of "siddhis" 3 join their palms (in adoration before Thee.).
iva is Thy lover;
Therefore, O Daughter of the Lord of mountains 4
Nothing is equal to Thy fortune.
16
The old bull is (iva's) carrier.
Poison is his food; 5 space is his dwelling;
The cremation ground is his playground; 6
Serpents are his ornaments.
p. 188
All things in the world are known to the enemy of Smara; 1
But the wealth of all this is due to the greatness of Thy fortune,
O Mother!
17
The Lord of "Paus", 2 besmeared with ashes, sits in the cremation ground.
From his nature arises the force which destroys the world.
Out of compassion for the whole world, He held the poison in his throat. 3
O Kalyi! 4 in all this I see the fruit of his companionship with Thee.
18
O Daughter of the mountain, 5
When Gang had seen Thy great beauty,
She was afraid, 6 and turned to water;
Then iva, seeing her sad, lotus-like face,
In his mercy made a dwelling for Her on his own head. 7
p. 189
19
O Bhagavat, 1 the Creator having with his own hands taken Thy bathing water
Mingled with liquid sandal, musk, saffron, and flowers,
And the dust of Thy moving feet,
Created therewith the lotus-eyed women of the city of the Devas. 2
20
If one but contemplates Thee, in play with Thy maidens,
In pleasing springtide with its flowers and creepers
Upon the lake, beautiful with many a blossoming lotus and flocks of geese,
The waters of which are rippled by the breeze from the Malaya mountain, 3
From such an one all fevered ills 4 pass away.
Footnotes
180:1 Bhava is iva, and is His name in the watery form of the "aamrti" (eight forms). The Vyu Pura says that He is called Bhava because all things come from Him and subsist in water. The Dev is Bhavn as the Spouse and giver of life to Bhava.
180:2 Brahm.
180:3 iva.
180:4 Krtikeya, son of iva.
180:5 Ananta on whom Viu reposes.
180:6 Generally stra and in special technical sense Tantra in which the Dev is the Guru.
180:7 Clarified butter.
181:1 The supreme Lord.
181:2 See p. 30, note 3.
181:3 \"Tmbla", or pan, which is chewed.
181:4 \"Prithukatitate".
181:5 Feminine of Bhagavn.
181:6 Dev as daughter of Daka (see Introduction).
181:7 \"Ambhoruhacatulacaku". Literally, the lotus eye is ever moving, now glancing here, now there. Motionless eyes in women are not considered beautiful.
181:8 iva.
181:9 One of the five heavenly trees in the garden and city ("Amarvat") of Indra--viz., Mandra, Prijta, Santna, Kalpavrika, Harichandana.
181:10 The stringed instrument of that name borne by the Dev as Sarasvat.
182:1 \"Ntang". So also the Annapur dhyna represents the Dev as giver of food "stooping from the weight of Her great breasts" ("annapradna niratmstanabhranamrm", and see verse 6 "post").
182:2 \"Mtangruciragati bhang bhagavat".
182:3 Name of the Dev. According to the Klik, and Brahm Puras the Dev, as the daughter of Himavat, renounced even leaves as food ("a-par" = without leaf); hence she is called by Devas Apar. According to another derivation, the name comes from "apa" (removing), "rina" (debt). So Bhskararya, who gives it, says in his "Devstava"; "When you have not discharged your debt to me, though I respect your name, O iv why are you not ashamed to bear the name of Apar?" (discharger of debt)? According to the Nirukta, "parna" = falling. "Apara" = free from falling.
182:4 That is, it is by Her favour that iva forms part of Her.
182:5 \"Himdrehsambht"--that is, the Himlaya, hence She is also called "Girij" (mountain-born).
183:1 Either from their natural colour or because dyed with lac.
183:2 The bee goes to the lotus; the bees (her hair) settle upon her (lotus) face.
183:3 \"Kucbharanat" (see note 1, p. 182).
183:4 Disease ("rujnghantr").
183:5 Literally, one who goes ("gantr").
183:6 \"Latik". Dim, of "lat" creeper to which woman is compared, for she clings to her husband as the creeper to the tree. Hence worship with woman in the Tntrik "Pancatattva" is called "latsdhana".
183:7 \"Cidnanda" which, with "sat" (being), constitutes the nature of the Supreme Being (Parabrahman).
183:8 That is, some worship a particular Devat to gain a particular result--"e.g.", Sarasvat for learning, Lakm for wealth etc.; but ankarcrya worships the supreme Apar, whom the Devas worship, who is without qualities, and does so only to give Her honour.
184:1 Full "kaivalya moka", liberation above the various "pda", "slokya", etc. (see p. 59, note 1), for "mukt" is of various kinds.
184:2 Law of religion, duty, etc.
184:3 That is Kubera, Deva of wealth.
184:4 A name of Kma, God of Love (see p. 40, note 1).
184:5 \"Satm". She gives liberation to them.
184:6 The Supreme Being, for it preceded akti, as "ruti" says, "Sa aikshata"," etc. As the rad Tilaka (chap. i.) says: "Saccidnanda vibhavt sakalat parameshvart, schchaktisttondondbindusadmudbhavah".
184:7 A bird (cuculus melanolcucus) which is said to live on raindrops.
185:1 That is, just as the "ctaka" is given something, though it does not and cannot pray for it, so what the writer of the hymn receives must, since his devotion ("bhakti") is so small and lacking in the force of prayer, be due to some undisclosed merit acquired as the result of past "karma".
185:2 \"Kalpalatik"--that is, a creeper which, like the kalpa tree, grants all desires that may be asked of it.
185:3 Ganea.
186:1 \"Tattatppaih". Literally, "those particular sins"--the sins of the hymnist who knows what they are.
186:2 Feminine of a (Lord).
186:3 Brahm..
186:4 See p. 151, note 7.
186:5 Giver of liberation--that is, Viu.
187:1 See "Introduction to Tantra stra".
187:2 See p. 151, note 7.
187:3 Great powers, such as "aim", "laghim", etc., the power of becoming extremely light or heavy, of entering into things, etc., which, in their fulness, constitute the "aivarya" of the Lord (vara), and in a lesser degree of those who approach His nature.
187:4 Himlaya, for Dev was the daughter of the Mountain-King Himavat.
187:5 See p. 16, note 2.
187:6 Daka, in the Bhgavata Pura, reproaching iva, says: "He roams about in dreadful cemeteries, attended by hosts of ghosts and spirits, like a madman, naked, with dishevelled hair, wearing a garland of dead men's skulls and ornaments of human bone, pretending to be iva (auspicious), but in reality Aiva (inauspicious), insane, beloved by the insane, the Lord of Bhtas (ghosts and spirits), beings whose nature is essentially darkness" (Muir, O., iv. 738). The cremation ground is His abode, for there the passions are burnt away.
188:1 God of Love, whom iva consumed.
188:2 Paupati: a name of iva: as to "Pau" (see "Introduction to Tantra stra"). Here the equivalent of Lord of men.
188:3 See p. 16, note 2.
188:4 Beneficent one. According to the Padma Pura Dev is worshipped as Kaly in the Malaya mountain, to which reference is made in verse 20.
188:5 See p. 187, note 4.
188:6 \"Bhtaivst", or may be abashed.
188:7 Jhnav, whence Gang is called Jhnav. When Gang fell from Heaven, iva first held Her in the locks of his hair, until Her anger at being called down by Bhagratha had abated. She then fell into the Bindu lake, whence issue the seven sacred streams. One branch followed Bhagratha wherever he went, and on the way flooded the sacrificial flame of the "muni" Jhnu. In his anger he drank up its waters. Bhagratha's work seemed to be fruitless. But after intercession, the muni allowed the waters to flow from him, and as so, issuing from him, the Ganges is called his daughter Jhnav.
189:1 See p. 178, note 7.
189:2 \"Amarvat", the city of Indra.
189:3 See note to verse 17.
189:4 Literally, fever-produced disease ("jvarajanitapdpasarati").
"Hymns to the Goddess", by John Woodroffe (Arthur Avalon), [1913],
p. 180
Waves Of Bliss
(nandalahar)
1
O Bhavn, 1 the four-headed Lord of creatures, 2 is not able to worship Thee,
Nor even the five-headed destroyer of the Tripur, 3
Nor the six-headed commander of the celestial hosts, 4
Nor even the thousand-headed Lord of serpents. 5
If, then, they cannot, tell me who else is able so to do?
2
O Dev! how can we speak of Thy qualities,
Which are not to be described by any "Nigama", 6
As the sweetness of ghee, 7milk, the grape, and honey
p. 181
Cannot be distinguished and described by words,
But may be perceived by the tongue only;
In like manner Thy beauty can be seen only by the eyes of Paramevara. 1
3
We ever pray to Thee, O Gaur! 2
Youthful daughter of the Lord of mountains.
Beautiful is the betel 3 in Thy mouth
And the collyrium on Thy eyes;
Beautiful, too, are the saffron on Thy forehead,
The necklet of pearls on Thy throat,
Thy silken garment and the glittering gold waist-ornament on Thy large hips. 4
4
May Bhagavat, 5 Sat, 6 whose lotus eyes sparkle, 7
Spouse of ambhu, 8 on the slope of whose breasts
Rests a beautiful garland of the flowers of the Mandra tree, 9
Whose earring is the pleasing sound from the "vn", 10
p. 182
Who stoops (from the weight of her breasts), 1
Whose beautiful swaying gait is that of the female elephant 2--
May that Bhagavat be ever victorious!
5
O beauteous Apar! 3
Bestow the fulness of happiness on me,
Thou whose limbs art covered
With ornaments of gold and gems glittering like the newly risen sun,
Whose eyes are beautiful as those of a doe,
Of whom iva is a part, 4
Who is of the golden colour of lightning,
Beauteous in yellow garments and tinkling anklets.
6
Shines forth does the Dev born in the snowy mountains. 5
p. 183
Her beautiful hands are like a red leaf. 1
She is adorned with beautiful flowers and pearls.
Her head, by its weight of hair, seems covered by a swarm of bees. 2
It is She with whom iva seeks shelter,
Who stoops from the weight of Her breasts, 3
Whose words are sweet,
The Destructress of ills, 4
Ever and in all places pervading, 5
Tender creeper 6 of Intelligence and Bliss. 7
7
Others worship with reverence the plant with leaves and particular qualities,
But I know that Apar alone in this world should be worshipped. 8
Then the old iva garmented with space
p. 184
Surely grants to Thy worshipper the fruit of full liberation. 1
8
Thou art the Mother of all Vedas,
The regulator of all "dharmas" 2
And the root of all wealth--
Thou whose lotus feet are worshipped even by the wealth-giver. 3
O Mother! Thou art the primal cause of all desires.
Victrix of Kandarpa, 4 Thou art the seed of liberation for the good. 5
Thou art the Spouse of the Parabrahman. 6
9
Although my mind be fickle and wanting in great devotion to Thee,
Yet by Thy mercy Thou should look auspiciously upon me.
The cloud gives sweet water to the mouth of the "Ctaka" 7 bird.
p. 185
I know not by what (good) fate my mind is directed. 1
10
O virtuous One, from the corner of Thine eyes
Cast now a glance of kindness upon me;
Neglect so to do is not proper on Thy part,
Seeing that I have reached the refuge of Thy initiation.
Alas! the creeper of desire, 2 whose very name shows that it gives desire,
Yet cannot give that which is desired,
What difference is there between it and any other common creeper?
11
I, though I have sought refuge with other Devats,
Have yet placed full trust in Thy lotus feet.
If, nevertheless, your heart is not timely set on me,
Then with whom shall I in my helplessness seek shelter,
O Mother of the big-bellied one! 3
12
As iron touched by the touchstone becomes at once gold,
p. 186
As the water of the roadway mixed with that of the Ganges becomes pure,
In like manner will not my heart,
Greatly soiled though it be by my great sins 1
Become pure if attached with devotion to Thee?
13
O n, 2 as the old Lotus-Born 3 and others have said,
The rule is that if others than Thyself art worshipped,
Only the particular fruit desired is gained;
But Thou giveth more even than is asked for.
Make me, then, ever attached to Thee by day and night.
14
O Spouse of the great Lord of the three worlds! 4
Most pleasant is Thy abode,
The walls wher glitter with various gems and crystals,
Whereon Thy image is reflected.
On the summit of Thy abode the quivering light waves of the moon (are shed).
Therein dwell Mukunda, 5 Brahm, and other Devas.
It is ever victorious.
p. 187
15
Thy dwelling is in Mount Kailsa. 1
Thy worshippers are Brahm, Indra, and other Devas.
All are subservient to Thee in the three regions. 2
The number of "siddhis" 3 join their palms (in adoration before Thee.).
iva is Thy lover;
Therefore, O Daughter of the Lord of mountains 4
Nothing is equal to Thy fortune.
16
The old bull is (iva's) carrier.
Poison is his food; 5 space is his dwelling;
The cremation ground is his playground; 6
Serpents are his ornaments.
p. 188
All things in the world are known to the enemy of Smara; 1
But the wealth of all this is due to the greatness of Thy fortune,
O Mother!
17
The Lord of "Paus", 2 besmeared with ashes, sits in the cremation ground.
From his nature arises the force which destroys the world.
Out of compassion for the whole world, He held the poison in his throat. 3
O Kalyi! 4 in all this I see the fruit of his companionship with Thee.
18
O Daughter of the mountain, 5
When Gang had seen Thy great beauty,
She was afraid, 6 and turned to water;
Then iva, seeing her sad, lotus-like face,
In his mercy made a dwelling for Her on his own head. 7
p. 189
19
O Bhagavat, 1 the Creator having with his own hands taken Thy bathing water
Mingled with liquid sandal, musk, saffron, and flowers,
And the dust of Thy moving feet,
Created therewith the lotus-eyed women of the city of the Devas. 2
20
If one but contemplates Thee, in play with Thy maidens,
In pleasing springtide with its flowers and creepers
Upon the lake, beautiful with many a blossoming lotus and flocks of geese,
The waters of which are rippled by the breeze from the Malaya mountain, 3
From such an one all fevered ills 4 pass away.
Footnotes
180:1 Bhava is iva, and is His name in the watery form of the "aamrti" (eight forms). The Vyu Pura says that He is called Bhava because all things come from Him and subsist in water. The Dev is Bhavn as the Spouse and giver of life to Bhava.
180:2 Brahm.
180:3 iva.
180:4 Krtikeya, son of iva.
180:5 Ananta on whom Viu reposes.
180:6 Generally stra and in special technical sense Tantra in which the Dev is the Guru.
180:7 Clarified butter.
181:1 The supreme Lord.
181:2 See p. 30, note 3.
181:3 \"Tmbla", or pan, which is chewed.
181:4 \"Prithukatitate".
181:5 Feminine of Bhagavn.
181:6 Dev as daughter of Daka (see Introduction).
181:7 \"Ambhoruhacatulacaku". Literally, the lotus eye is ever moving, now glancing here, now there. Motionless eyes in women are not considered beautiful.
181:8 iva.
181:9 One of the five heavenly trees in the garden and city ("Amarvat") of Indra--viz., Mandra, Prijta, Santna, Kalpavrika, Harichandana.
181:10 The stringed instrument of that name borne by the Dev as Sarasvat.
182:1 \"Ntang". So also the Annapur dhyna represents the Dev as giver of food "stooping from the weight of Her great breasts" ("annapradna niratmstanabhranamrm", and see verse 6 "post").
182:2 \"Mtangruciragati bhang bhagavat".
182:3 Name of the Dev. According to the Klik, and Brahm Puras the Dev, as the daughter of Himavat, renounced even leaves as food ("a-par" = without leaf); hence she is called by Devas Apar. According to another derivation, the name comes from "apa" (removing), "rina" (debt). So Bhskararya, who gives it, says in his "Devstava"; "When you have not discharged your debt to me, though I respect your name, O iv why are you not ashamed to bear the name of Apar?" (discharger of debt)? According to the Nirukta, "parna" = falling. "Apara" = free from falling.
182:4 That is, it is by Her favour that iva forms part of Her.
182:5 \"Himdrehsambht"--that is, the Himlaya, hence She is also called "Girij" (mountain-born).
183:1 Either from their natural colour or because dyed with lac.
183:2 The bee goes to the lotus; the bees (her hair) settle upon her (lotus) face.
183:3 \"Kucbharanat" (see note 1, p. 182).
183:4 Disease ("rujnghantr").
183:5 Literally, one who goes ("gantr").
183:6 \"Latik". Dim, of "lat" creeper to which woman is compared, for she clings to her husband as the creeper to the tree. Hence worship with woman in the Tntrik "Pancatattva" is called "latsdhana".
183:7 \"Cidnanda" which, with "sat" (being), constitutes the nature of the Supreme Being (Parabrahman).
183:8 That is, some worship a particular Devat to gain a particular result--"e.g.", Sarasvat for learning, Lakm for wealth etc.; but ankarcrya worships the supreme Apar, whom the Devas worship, who is without qualities, and does so only to give Her honour.
184:1 Full "kaivalya moka", liberation above the various "pda", "slokya", etc. (see p. 59, note 1), for "mukt" is of various kinds.
184:2 Law of religion, duty, etc.
184:3 That is Kubera, Deva of wealth.
184:4 A name of Kma, God of Love (see p. 40, note 1).
184:5 \"Satm". She gives liberation to them.
184:6 The Supreme Being, for it preceded akti, as "ruti" says, "Sa aikshata"," etc. As the rad Tilaka (chap. i.) says: "Saccidnanda vibhavt sakalat parameshvart, schchaktisttondondbindusadmudbhavah".
184:7 A bird (cuculus melanolcucus) which is said to live on raindrops.
185:1 That is, just as the "ctaka" is given something, though it does not and cannot pray for it, so what the writer of the hymn receives must, since his devotion ("bhakti") is so small and lacking in the force of prayer, be due to some undisclosed merit acquired as the result of past "karma".
185:2 \"Kalpalatik"--that is, a creeper which, like the kalpa tree, grants all desires that may be asked of it.
185:3 Ganea.
186:1 \"Tattatppaih". Literally, "those particular sins"--the sins of the hymnist who knows what they are.
186:2 Feminine of a (Lord).
186:3 Brahm..
186:4 See p. 151, note 7.
186:5 Giver of liberation--that is, Viu.
187:1 See "Introduction to Tantra stra".
187:2 See p. 151, note 7.
187:3 Great powers, such as "aim", "laghim", etc., the power of becoming extremely light or heavy, of entering into things, etc., which, in their fulness, constitute the "aivarya" of the Lord (vara), and in a lesser degree of those who approach His nature.
187:4 Himlaya, for Dev was the daughter of the Mountain-King Himavat.
187:5 See p. 16, note 2.
187:6 Daka, in the Bhgavata Pura, reproaching iva, says: "He roams about in dreadful cemeteries, attended by hosts of ghosts and spirits, like a madman, naked, with dishevelled hair, wearing a garland of dead men's skulls and ornaments of human bone, pretending to be iva (auspicious), but in reality Aiva (inauspicious), insane, beloved by the insane, the Lord of Bhtas (ghosts and spirits), beings whose nature is essentially darkness" (Muir, O., iv. 738). The cremation ground is His abode, for there the passions are burnt away.
188:1 God of Love, whom iva consumed.
188:2 Paupati: a name of iva: as to "Pau" (see "Introduction to Tantra stra"). Here the equivalent of Lord of men.
188:3 See p. 16, note 2.
188:4 Beneficent one. According to the Padma Pura Dev is worshipped as Kaly in the Malaya mountain, to which reference is made in verse 20.
188:5 See p. 187, note 4.
188:6 \"Bhtaivst", or may be abashed.
188:7 Jhnav, whence Gang is called Jhnav. When Gang fell from Heaven, iva first held Her in the locks of his hair, until Her anger at being called down by Bhagratha had abated. She then fell into the Bindu lake, whence issue the seven sacred streams. One branch followed Bhagratha wherever he went, and on the way flooded the sacrificial flame of the "muni" Jhnu. In his anger he drank up its waters. Bhagratha's work seemed to be fruitless. But after intercession, the muni allowed the waters to flow from him, and as so, issuing from him, the Ganges is called his daughter Jhnav.
189:1 See p. 178, note 7.
189:2 \"Amarvat", the city of Indra.
189:3 See note to verse 17.
189:4 Literally, fever-produced disease ("jvarajanitapdpasarati").
