Fifth Khandhaka. Chapter 8
8.
1. Now when the Blessed One had remained at Benares as long as he thought fit, he set out on his journey towards Bhaddiya. And wandering from place to place he came to Bhaddiya: and there, at Bhaddiya, he stayed in the "G"tiy Grove.
Now at that time the Bhikkhus at Bhaddiya were accustomed to the use of various kinds of foot coverings for the sake of ornament. They made,
p. 23
or had made for themselves foot coverings of ti"n"a-grass, of mu"g"a-grass, of babba"g"a-grass, of the leaves of the date-palm 1, of kamala-grass 2, and of wool 3. And they neglected 4 instruction, enquiry, morality, self-concentration, and wisdom 5.
2. The moderate Bhikkhus were annoyed, murmured, and became angry, thinking, 'How can they [do so]?' And those Bhikkhus told this thing to the Blessed One.
'Is it true' (&c., as in chap. 4. 2)?
'It is true, Lord.'
The Blessed Buddha rebuked them, saying, 'How can they [do so]?' This will not conduce (&c., as in chap. 4. 2, down to:) becoming estranged.
3. Having thus rebuked them, and having delivered a religious discourse, he thus addressed the Bhikkhus: 'Shoes, O Bhikkhus, made of ti"n"a-grass are not to be worn, or made of mu"g"a-grass, or of babba"g"a-grass, or of leaves of the date-palm, or of kamala-grass, or of wool, nor [ornamented with] gold, or silver, or pearls, or beryls, or crystal, or copper, or glass, or tin, or lead, or bronze. Whosoever does so, is guilty of a dukka"t"a offence.
p. 24
'And clogs, O Bhikkhus, that are taken away 1, are not to be worn. Whosoever does so, is guilty of a dukka"t"a offence.
'I allow you, O Bhikkhus, the use of three kinds of clogs, that are fixed to the ground, and are not taken away 2, privy-clogs, urinal-clogs, and rinsing-clogs 3.'
Footnotes
23:1 Hintla-pduk 'ti kha"g"g"ra- (MS. kha"g"g"ari) pattehi katapduk: hintla-pattehi pi na va"t"t"ati yeva (b.).
23:2 Kamala-pduk 'ti kamala-ti"n"a"m" nma atthi, tena kata-pduk. Ussra-pduk 'ti pi vadanti. Childers only gives lotus as the meaning of kamala. At "G"taka I, 119, 149, 178; Iv, 42, it must be kamala, and not kambala as printed by Fausbll, that is meant.
23:3 Kambala-pduk 'ti u"n"n"hi kata-pduk.
23:4 On ri"k"anti (Sanskrit ri"k", ri"n"akti), compare the verses in Milinda Pa"ha, p. 419 (ed. Trenckner).
23:5 The adhisldi-sikkh-ttaya"m" mentioned at Dhp. p. 358 is explained in the Sa"m"giti Sutta as training in adhisla, adhi"k"itta, and adhipa". On the first, compare the note on Mahvagga I, 36, 8.
24:1 See next clause.
24:2 Asa"m"kamaniyyo 'ti bhmiya"m" supati"t"th" ni"k"k"al asa"m"hariy (sic), (B. here). Compare Ptimokkha, pp. 106, 113 (ed. Minayeff), and Childers's interpretation of those passages under sa"m"kamati.
24:3 On va"k"k"a-pduk, see Kullavagga V, 35, 2, at the end; and Viii, 10, 3, at the beginning. On the other two, "K"ullavagga V, 35; 1, 4, and Viii, 10, 3; and see also VIII, 9. The use of them was part of the sanitary arrangements enjoined upon the Order. A very ancient pair of stone va"k"k"a-pduk, forming part of a slab of stone, was discovered at Anurdhapura by Rhys Davids, and is now in the Colombo Museum. As they were dug up in one of the palaces there, they were probably for the use of the king, or some high official. These ruins are among the most ancient in Ceylon, and are certainly pre-Christian in date.
1. Now when the Blessed One had remained at Benares as long as he thought fit, he set out on his journey towards Bhaddiya. And wandering from place to place he came to Bhaddiya: and there, at Bhaddiya, he stayed in the "G"tiy Grove.
Now at that time the Bhikkhus at Bhaddiya were accustomed to the use of various kinds of foot coverings for the sake of ornament. They made,
p. 23
or had made for themselves foot coverings of ti"n"a-grass, of mu"g"a-grass, of babba"g"a-grass, of the leaves of the date-palm 1, of kamala-grass 2, and of wool 3. And they neglected 4 instruction, enquiry, morality, self-concentration, and wisdom 5.
2. The moderate Bhikkhus were annoyed, murmured, and became angry, thinking, 'How can they [do so]?' And those Bhikkhus told this thing to the Blessed One.
'Is it true' (&c., as in chap. 4. 2)?
'It is true, Lord.'
The Blessed Buddha rebuked them, saying, 'How can they [do so]?' This will not conduce (&c., as in chap. 4. 2, down to:) becoming estranged.
3. Having thus rebuked them, and having delivered a religious discourse, he thus addressed the Bhikkhus: 'Shoes, O Bhikkhus, made of ti"n"a-grass are not to be worn, or made of mu"g"a-grass, or of babba"g"a-grass, or of leaves of the date-palm, or of kamala-grass, or of wool, nor [ornamented with] gold, or silver, or pearls, or beryls, or crystal, or copper, or glass, or tin, or lead, or bronze. Whosoever does so, is guilty of a dukka"t"a offence.
p. 24
'And clogs, O Bhikkhus, that are taken away 1, are not to be worn. Whosoever does so, is guilty of a dukka"t"a offence.
'I allow you, O Bhikkhus, the use of three kinds of clogs, that are fixed to the ground, and are not taken away 2, privy-clogs, urinal-clogs, and rinsing-clogs 3.'
Footnotes
23:1 Hintla-pduk 'ti kha"g"g"ra- (MS. kha"g"g"ari) pattehi katapduk: hintla-pattehi pi na va"t"t"ati yeva (b.).
23:2 Kamala-pduk 'ti kamala-ti"n"a"m" nma atthi, tena kata-pduk. Ussra-pduk 'ti pi vadanti. Childers only gives lotus as the meaning of kamala. At "G"taka I, 119, 149, 178; Iv, 42, it must be kamala, and not kambala as printed by Fausbll, that is meant.
23:3 Kambala-pduk 'ti u"n"n"hi kata-pduk.
23:4 On ri"k"anti (Sanskrit ri"k", ri"n"akti), compare the verses in Milinda Pa"ha, p. 419 (ed. Trenckner).
23:5 The adhisldi-sikkh-ttaya"m" mentioned at Dhp. p. 358 is explained in the Sa"m"giti Sutta as training in adhisla, adhi"k"itta, and adhipa". On the first, compare the note on Mahvagga I, 36, 8.
24:1 See next clause.
24:2 Asa"m"kamaniyyo 'ti bhmiya"m" supati"t"th" ni"k"k"al asa"m"hariy (sic), (B. here). Compare Ptimokkha, pp. 106, 113 (ed. Minayeff), and Childers's interpretation of those passages under sa"m"kamati.
24:3 On va"k"k"a-pduk, see Kullavagga V, 35, 2, at the end; and Viii, 10, 3, at the beginning. On the other two, "K"ullavagga V, 35; 1, 4, and Viii, 10, 3; and see also VIII, 9. The use of them was part of the sanitary arrangements enjoined upon the Order. A very ancient pair of stone va"k"k"a-pduk, forming part of a slab of stone, was discovered at Anurdhapura by Rhys Davids, and is now in the Colombo Museum. As they were dug up in one of the palaces there, they were probably for the use of the king, or some high official. These ruins are among the most ancient in Ceylon, and are certainly pre-Christian in date.
