Ninth Khandhaka. Chapter 4
4.
1. 'There are five kinds of Sa"m"ghas: the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consisting of four persons, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consisting of five persons.... of ten persons.... of twenty persons.... of more than twenty persons.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of four persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except three acts, that is, the upasampad ordination, pavra"n", and abbhna 1.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of five persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except
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two acts, that is, the upasampad ordination in the central countries 1 and abbhna.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of ten persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except one, namely, abbhna.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of twenty persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of more than twenty persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts.
2. 'An official act, O Bhikkhus, which requires the presence of four persons, if performed by a congregation in which a Bhikkhun is the fourth, is no real act, and ought not to be performed. An official act, O Bhikkhus, which requires the presence of four persons, if performed by a congregation in which a sikkhamn is the fourth,.... in which a sma"n"era, &c. 2, is the fourth,.... in which a person belonging to another communion is the fourth,.... in which a person staying within a different boundary 3 is the fourth,.... in which a person poised in the air by supernatural power is
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the fourth,.... in which a person against whom the Sa"m"gha institutes a proceeding is the fourth--is no real act and ought not to be performed.'
"End of the regulations about acts performed by four persons.
3-5. 'An official act, O Bhikkhus, which requires the presence of five (.... ten,.... twenty) persons, if performed by a congregation in which a Bhikkhun, &c. 1, is the fifth (.... tenth,.... twentieth), is no real act and ought not to be performed.'
"End of the regulations about acts performed by five, (ten, twenty) persons.
6. 'If, O Bhikkhus, a congregation in which a person sentenced to the parivsa discipline 2 is the fourth, institutes the proceedings of parivsa, of mlya pa"t"ikassan, and of mnatta, or if a congregation in which such a person is the twentieth, confers abbhna, this is no real act and ought not to be performed.
'If, O Bhikkhus, a congregation in which a person that ought to be sentenced to mlya pa"t"ikassan.... that ought to be sentenced to mnatta.... that is subject to the mnatta discipline....
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on whom the abbhna sentence ought to be conferred 1, institutes the proceedings of parivsa, of mlya pa"t"ikassan, and of mnatta, or if a congregation in which such a person is the twentieth, confers abbhna, this is no real act and ought not to be performed.
7. 'Of some persons, O Bhikkhus, the protest 2 raised in the assembly is effectual, of some persons it is ineffectual.
'And which are the persons, O Bhikkhus, whose protest raised in the assembly is ineffectual?
'The protest, O Bhikkhus, raised in the assembly by a Bhikkhun is ineffectual. The protest, O Bhikkhus, raised in the assembly by a sikkhamn (&c. 3, down to:) by a person against whom the Sa"m"gha institutes a proceeding, is ineffectual. These are the persons, O Bhikkhus, whose protest raised in the assembly is ineffectual.
8. 'And which are the persons, O Bhikkhus, whose protest raised in the assembly is effectual?
'The protest, O Bhikkhus, of a Bhikkhu who is healthy (in mind), who belongs to the same communion 4, who stays within the same boundary 5, even
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if he have committed a sin which brings about immediate punishment in hell,--if he give notice of his protest at the meeting,--is effectual. This is the person, O Bhikkhus, whose protest raised in the assembly is effectual.
9. 'There are, O Bhikkhus, two cases of expulsion 1 (pronounced against, a person). If expulsion, O Bhikkhus, had not been pronounced (before) against a person, and the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, there are some against whom such expulsion has been pronounced duly, and others against whom it has been pronounced unduly.
'And which is a person, O Bhikkhus, against whom, if expulsion had not been pronounced before, and the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, expulsion has been pronounced unduly? In case, O Bhikkhus, there be a pure, guiltless Bhikkhu,--if the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, expulsion has been pronounced unduly. This, O Bhikkhus, is called a person against whom, if expulsion had not been pronounced before, and the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, expulsion has been pronounced unduly.
'And which is a person, O Bhikkhus, against whom, &c., expulsion has been pronounced duly? In case, O Bhikkhus, there be an ignorant, unlearned Bhikkhu, a constant offender, who is unable to discern what is an offence 2, who lives in lay society, unduly
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associating himself with lay people,--if the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, expulsion has been pronounced duly. This, O Bhikkhus, is called a person, &c.
10. 'There are, O Bhikkhus, two cases of restoration (of an expelled Bhikkhu). If restoration, O Bhikkhus, had not been granted before to a person, and the Sa"m"gha grants restoration to him, there are some to whom such restoration will have been granted duly, and others to whom it will have been unduly granted.
'And which is a person, O Bhikkhus, to whom, &c., restoration has been granted unduly? A eunuch, O Bhikkhus, to whom restoration had not been granted before, and whom the Sa"m"gha restores, has been restored unduly. A person who has furtively attached himself (to the Sa"m"gha), &c. 1, to whom restoration had not been granted before, and whom the Sa"m"gha restores, has been restored unduly.
'This, O Bhikkhus, is called a person to whom, &c., restoration has been granted unduly. These, O Bhikkhus, are called persons to whom, &c., restoration has been granted duly.
11. 'And which is a person, O Bhikkhus, to whom, &c., restoration has been granted duly?' &c. 2
\"End of the first Bh"n"avra, called the Vsabha-gma Bh"n"avra.
Footnotes
268:1 See "K"ullavagga III, 2 seq.
269:1 As regards the exceptional regulations referring to the upasampad ordination in the bordering countries, see above, V, 13, 12.
269:2 Here follows the very frequent enumeration given, for instance, at Ii, 36, 1-4.
269:3 Generally speaking, the two categories of 'persons belonging to another communion,' and 'persons staying within another boundary,' can be considered as coincident. In certain cases, however, they could be distinguished; see X, 1, 9, 10.
270:1 Here the enumeration of 2 is repeated.
270:2 See about parivsa, and the other Sa"m"ghakammas referred to in this paragraph, the details given in the second book of the "K"ullavagga.
271:1 But has not yet been conferred. An abbhita Bhikkhu is considered as fully rehabilitated.
271:2 Against official acts which the Sa"m"gha is performing.
271:3 This list of persons who cannot protest against official acts of the Sa"m"gha differs from that given in 2 or at Ii, 36, 1-4, only by three categories being here added after 'a person guilty of an extreme offence' (antimavatthu"m" a"g"gh"pannaka). These categories are the following: 'a madman, a person whose mind is unhinged, a person who suffers (bodily) pain.' See Ii, 22, 3, &c,
271:4 That is, the Sa"m"gha which is going to perform the act in question.
271:5 See the note at 2.
272:1 Compare the rules regarding the pabb"g"aniyakamma, "K"ullavagga I, 13 seq., and our note at I, 79, 1.
272:2 Anapadna. Buddhaghosa: 'Anapadno 'ti apa"t"na-(read apadna-) virahito. apadna"m" vu"k"k"ati pari"k"kh"edo. patti-pari"k"kh"eda-virahito 'ti attho.' Probably the word must not be derived from the root d, 'to give,' but from d, 'to cut.'
273:1 See the list of persons given at Ii, 36, 3.
273:2 The formality and the repetitions are the same here as in 20, and need not be repeated. The list of persons whose restoration is stated to be valid is the same as at I, 71, 1.
1. 'There are five kinds of Sa"m"ghas: the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consisting of four persons, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consisting of five persons.... of ten persons.... of twenty persons.... of more than twenty persons.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of four persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except three acts, that is, the upasampad ordination, pavra"n", and abbhna 1.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of five persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except
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two acts, that is, the upasampad ordination in the central countries 1 and abbhna.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of ten persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts except one, namely, abbhna.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of twenty persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts.
'In case, O Bhikkhus, the Bhikkhu Sa"m"gha consist of more than twenty persons, and acts lawfully, and is complete, it is entitled to perform all official acts.
2. 'An official act, O Bhikkhus, which requires the presence of four persons, if performed by a congregation in which a Bhikkhun is the fourth, is no real act, and ought not to be performed. An official act, O Bhikkhus, which requires the presence of four persons, if performed by a congregation in which a sikkhamn is the fourth,.... in which a sma"n"era, &c. 2, is the fourth,.... in which a person belonging to another communion is the fourth,.... in which a person staying within a different boundary 3 is the fourth,.... in which a person poised in the air by supernatural power is
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the fourth,.... in which a person against whom the Sa"m"gha institutes a proceeding is the fourth--is no real act and ought not to be performed.'
"End of the regulations about acts performed by four persons.
3-5. 'An official act, O Bhikkhus, which requires the presence of five (.... ten,.... twenty) persons, if performed by a congregation in which a Bhikkhun, &c. 1, is the fifth (.... tenth,.... twentieth), is no real act and ought not to be performed.'
"End of the regulations about acts performed by five, (ten, twenty) persons.
6. 'If, O Bhikkhus, a congregation in which a person sentenced to the parivsa discipline 2 is the fourth, institutes the proceedings of parivsa, of mlya pa"t"ikassan, and of mnatta, or if a congregation in which such a person is the twentieth, confers abbhna, this is no real act and ought not to be performed.
'If, O Bhikkhus, a congregation in which a person that ought to be sentenced to mlya pa"t"ikassan.... that ought to be sentenced to mnatta.... that is subject to the mnatta discipline....
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on whom the abbhna sentence ought to be conferred 1, institutes the proceedings of parivsa, of mlya pa"t"ikassan, and of mnatta, or if a congregation in which such a person is the twentieth, confers abbhna, this is no real act and ought not to be performed.
7. 'Of some persons, O Bhikkhus, the protest 2 raised in the assembly is effectual, of some persons it is ineffectual.
'And which are the persons, O Bhikkhus, whose protest raised in the assembly is ineffectual?
'The protest, O Bhikkhus, raised in the assembly by a Bhikkhun is ineffectual. The protest, O Bhikkhus, raised in the assembly by a sikkhamn (&c. 3, down to:) by a person against whom the Sa"m"gha institutes a proceeding, is ineffectual. These are the persons, O Bhikkhus, whose protest raised in the assembly is ineffectual.
8. 'And which are the persons, O Bhikkhus, whose protest raised in the assembly is effectual?
'The protest, O Bhikkhus, of a Bhikkhu who is healthy (in mind), who belongs to the same communion 4, who stays within the same boundary 5, even
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if he have committed a sin which brings about immediate punishment in hell,--if he give notice of his protest at the meeting,--is effectual. This is the person, O Bhikkhus, whose protest raised in the assembly is effectual.
9. 'There are, O Bhikkhus, two cases of expulsion 1 (pronounced against, a person). If expulsion, O Bhikkhus, had not been pronounced (before) against a person, and the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, there are some against whom such expulsion has been pronounced duly, and others against whom it has been pronounced unduly.
'And which is a person, O Bhikkhus, against whom, if expulsion had not been pronounced before, and the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, expulsion has been pronounced unduly? In case, O Bhikkhus, there be a pure, guiltless Bhikkhu,--if the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, expulsion has been pronounced unduly. This, O Bhikkhus, is called a person against whom, if expulsion had not been pronounced before, and the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, expulsion has been pronounced unduly.
'And which is a person, O Bhikkhus, against whom, &c., expulsion has been pronounced duly? In case, O Bhikkhus, there be an ignorant, unlearned Bhikkhu, a constant offender, who is unable to discern what is an offence 2, who lives in lay society, unduly
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associating himself with lay people,--if the Sa"m"gha pronounces expulsion against him, expulsion has been pronounced duly. This, O Bhikkhus, is called a person, &c.
10. 'There are, O Bhikkhus, two cases of restoration (of an expelled Bhikkhu). If restoration, O Bhikkhus, had not been granted before to a person, and the Sa"m"gha grants restoration to him, there are some to whom such restoration will have been granted duly, and others to whom it will have been unduly granted.
'And which is a person, O Bhikkhus, to whom, &c., restoration has been granted unduly? A eunuch, O Bhikkhus, to whom restoration had not been granted before, and whom the Sa"m"gha restores, has been restored unduly. A person who has furtively attached himself (to the Sa"m"gha), &c. 1, to whom restoration had not been granted before, and whom the Sa"m"gha restores, has been restored unduly.
'This, O Bhikkhus, is called a person to whom, &c., restoration has been granted unduly. These, O Bhikkhus, are called persons to whom, &c., restoration has been granted duly.
11. 'And which is a person, O Bhikkhus, to whom, &c., restoration has been granted duly?' &c. 2
\"End of the first Bh"n"avra, called the Vsabha-gma Bh"n"avra.
Footnotes
268:1 See "K"ullavagga III, 2 seq.
269:1 As regards the exceptional regulations referring to the upasampad ordination in the bordering countries, see above, V, 13, 12.
269:2 Here follows the very frequent enumeration given, for instance, at Ii, 36, 1-4.
269:3 Generally speaking, the two categories of 'persons belonging to another communion,' and 'persons staying within another boundary,' can be considered as coincident. In certain cases, however, they could be distinguished; see X, 1, 9, 10.
270:1 Here the enumeration of 2 is repeated.
270:2 See about parivsa, and the other Sa"m"ghakammas referred to in this paragraph, the details given in the second book of the "K"ullavagga.
271:1 But has not yet been conferred. An abbhita Bhikkhu is considered as fully rehabilitated.
271:2 Against official acts which the Sa"m"gha is performing.
271:3 This list of persons who cannot protest against official acts of the Sa"m"gha differs from that given in 2 or at Ii, 36, 1-4, only by three categories being here added after 'a person guilty of an extreme offence' (antimavatthu"m" a"g"gh"pannaka). These categories are the following: 'a madman, a person whose mind is unhinged, a person who suffers (bodily) pain.' See Ii, 22, 3, &c,
271:4 That is, the Sa"m"gha which is going to perform the act in question.
271:5 See the note at 2.
272:1 Compare the rules regarding the pabb"g"aniyakamma, "K"ullavagga I, 13 seq., and our note at I, 79, 1.
272:2 Anapadna. Buddhaghosa: 'Anapadno 'ti apa"t"na-(read apadna-) virahito. apadna"m" vu"k"k"ati pari"k"kh"edo. patti-pari"k"kh"eda-virahito 'ti attho.' Probably the word must not be derived from the root d, 'to give,' but from d, 'to cut.'
273:1 See the list of persons given at Ii, 36, 3.
273:2 The formality and the repetitions are the same here as in 20, and need not be repeated. The list of persons whose restoration is stated to be valid is the same as at I, 71, 1.
