* "Zetetic Astronomy", by 'Parallax' (pseud. Samuel Birley Rowbotham), [1881],
p. ix
List Of Diagrams.
Fig.
Page
1.--Showing that if the earth is a globe every part of the surface of standing water must be an arc of a circle
9
2.--Showing that if the earth is a globe the surface of six miles length of water would be six feet higher in the centre than at the two extremities
12
3.--Showing that by an experiment made on the "Old Bedford," the surface of water for six miles was not convex but horizontal
13
4.--Showing by an experiment made with six flags placed one statute mile from each other, along the edge of the water, that the surface of the water was absolutely horizontal
13
5.--Showing the form the six flags must represent if the earth is a globe
14
6.--Explaining a strange phenomenon
16
7.--Representing an experiment with a theodolite between Welney Bridge and Old Bedford Bridge
17
8.--Ditto
17
9.--Describing the "forward process of levelling"
18
10.--Ditto
19
11.--Ditto
20
12.--Experiments with telescope at Old Bedford Sluice Bridge in 1870
21
13.--Ditto
22
14.--Showing that the water between the Western Pier at Brighton and the Pier at Worthing is horizontal throughout the whole length of ten miles
23
15.--Showing that if the earth is a globe it would be higher in the centre than at either extremity
23
16.--Appearance of the sea horizon
24
17.--How to prove the sea horizon to be straight
24
18.--Showing how the sea horizon must gradually decline from the centre if the earth is a globe
25
19.--The true form of the sea horizon determined by the cross-hair of a theodolite
26
20.--Ditto
26
21.--The coast of North Wales as it appears to the naked eye
27
22.--How it must appear if the earth is a globe
27
p. x
Fig.
Page
23.--Showing a vessel in the centre of St. George's Channel, between the Holyhead Light and the Poolbeg Light, each light being visible to the passengers at thirty miles distance
28
24.--Showing that if the earth is a globe both lights must always be below the horizon
29
25.--The sea horizon as defined on a plane mirror
36
26.--Earth and sky as seen from a balloon
38
27.--Experiments with a quadrant on the eastern pier at Brighton
39
28.--Ditto
39
29.--The appearance the horizon must present from the car of a balloon at an altitude of two miles, if the earth is a globe
40
30.--The different degrees of horizontal depression below the cross-hair of different theodolites
41
31.--Ditto
41
32. Showing that right lines running parallel to each other appear to approach in the distance
44
33.--Showing an arc of a circle diverging from a straight line, and the impossibility of the two appearing to meet
45
34.--Contracted section of the London and North Western Railway, showing an absolutely straight datum line of 180 miles, and thereby proving the earth to be a plane
47
35.--Ditto, showing that if the earth is a globe the datum line will be the chord of an arc
47
36.--The tunnel under Mont Frjus, showing the datum line parallel with the sea level
51
37.--Ditto, showing the datum line at a tangent to the sea, as it must be if the earth is a globe
52
38.--The Suez Canal, showing the surface of the water parallel with the horizontal datum line
54
39.--The Suez Canal, showing the water in the centre as the summit of an arc of a circle 1600 feet above the level of the Mediterranean and Red Seas
54
40.--Section of the bed of the Atlantic Ocean from Valencia to Trinity Bay, as surveyed for the laying of the cable, showing that the surface of the great waters of the earth is horizontal
55
41.--Ditto, representing the arc of water which would be apparent if the earth is a globe
55
42.--The difference between the theory of rotundity and the results of actual survey
58
43.--Ditto
58
44.--Experiment with a clinometer at Brighton, proving the earth to be a plane, by the apparent ascent of the surface of the water until it intercepts the line of sight
60
45.--Ditto, the appearance the water would present upon a globular surface
61
46.--Showing that a ball dropped from the mast of a ship, if acted upon by two forces, will take a diagonal course
62
47.--Showing that a ball thrown upwards from the mast of a ship will fall hack to the masthead, and pass downwards to the foot of the mast
64
48.--Showing the same results will follow on throwing a ball upwards from a railway carriage when in rapid motion
65
p. xi
Fig.
Page
49.--Showing how a ball will fall back upon the mouth of a cannon if discharged upwards from a stationary gun, also the direction it would take if the gun moved with the supposed velocity of the earth
66
50.--Illustrating the path of a ball if fired from a cannon placed upon the earth at rest, also the distance the ball would fly from the conjoint action of the powder in the cannon and the earth's supposed rotation
72
51.--Section of a globe surrounded with an atmosphere
75
52.--Apparatus for observing a fixed star, and obtaining proof that the earth has no orbital motion
80
53--The earth's elliptical path round the sun, according to the Copernican theory of terrestrial motions
81
54.--The earth's surface
90
55.--Sectional view of the earth's surface
90
56.--Simple process of ascertaining the true distance of the sun
99
57.--Measuring Nelson's Monument at Great Yarmouth
101
58.--Method of measuring altitude by "construction"
103
59.--The course of the sun
106
60.--The sun's peculiar path
109
61.--Illustrating the cause of day and night
112
62.--Ditto
113
63. Illustrating the cause of sunrise and sunset by the law of perspective--a row of lamps
125
64.--The morning and evening horizon
125
65.--The phenomena of sunrise and sunset, illustrated by a lamp fixed near the top of a tunnel
126
66.--Morning, forenoon, noon, afternoon, and evening positions of the sun
129
67.--The star Polaris with the line of sight above it
172
68.--Ditto with the line of sight below it
173
69.--Sectional view of the earth as a large and irregular floating mass, with volcanic craters or outlets of the great fiery gulphs below
189
70.--The actual position of the earth in the universe, as evolved by the Zetetic process of investigation
195
71. Diagram illustrating the law of perspective
202
72.--Ditto
202
73.--Ditto
204
74.--Ditto
204
75.--Ditto
205
76.--Ditto
206
77.--Ditto
207
78.--Ditto
208
79.--Ditto
209
80.--Ditto
209
81.--Ditto
210
82.--Ditto
210
83.--Ditto
211
84.--Ditto
212
85.--Ditto
220
86.--Showing how to circumnavigate the globe
224
87.--a dipping needle on the equator
227
p. xii
Fig.
Page
88.--Showing loss of time in sailing westward
229
89.--Sir John F. Herschel's diagram of the earth as a sphere, as observed by the Dip Sector"
233
90. Showing the difference between theory and fact in regard to degrees of longitude
257
91.--Ditto
257
92.--The sea as observed from an eminence through a theodolite tube without lenses
266
93.--Collimation explained by experiment with a magnifying glass
267
94.--Showing arrangements for the experiments made by the party of gentlemen at Old Bedford Bridge on 5th March, 1870
269
95.--Old Bedford Bridge, and signal pole and signal flags, as seen through the Troughton level for three and six miles
272
96.--Showing what is the cause of the apparent rise of a plane or horizontal surface towards the axis of the eye
273
97.--Representing the horizontal surface of the sea, and the apparent ascent of the water