Introduction. Dr. F. Muller : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], DR. F. MLLER. In "Beitrge zur Kenntniss der Rom-Sprache" (Vienna, 1869), Dr. Friedrich Mller, the 'leading representative of linguistic ethnology,' published five Hungarian-Gypsy stories in the original Rmani, with an interlinear Germ...
Introduction. Miklosich : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], MIKLOSICH. In part iv. of his great work, "Ueber die Mundarten and die Wanderungen der Zigeuner Europa's" (Vienna, 1874), Dr. Franz von Miklosich published fifteen Gypsy folk-tales and nine songs from the Bukowina, in the original Rmani, with...
Introduction. Komodromoi : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], KOMODROMOI. What it was first directed my attention to the Komodromoi of Byzantine writers I cannot be positive, but I am pretty sure it was something somewhere in Pott. Not in any of the 1034 pages of his "Zigeuner in Europa and Asien" (2...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 08 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 22.--THE GYPSY AND THE DRAGON There were a Gypsy and a shepherd, who tended his sheep. Every night two of the shepherd's sheep went a-missing, or even three. The peasant came to his gossip, the Gypsy, who asks him, 'Hallo! gossip, what's...
Introduction. Transportation : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], TRANSPORTATION. Banishment and transportation have been important factors in the dispersion of the Gypsies. They were banished from Germany in 1497, Spain in 1499, France in 1504, England in 1531, Denmark in 1536, Moravia in 1538, Scotl...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 02 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 15.--THE PRINCE AND THE WIZARD There was a king, and he had an only son. Now, that lad was heroic, nought-heeding. And he set out in quest of heroic achievements. And he went a long time nought-heeding. And he came to a forest, and lay...
Introduction. Gypsy Language : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSY LANGUAGE. It is a relief to turn from the thousand and one appellations under which Gypsies have been known at different times and in different countries, to the sure and unerring light that their language throws on their history...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 16 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 34.--MADE OVER TO THE DEVIL There was a rich man, and he went into the forest, and fell into a bog with his carriage. And his wife brought forth a p. 125 son, and he knew it not. And the Devil came forth, and said, 'What will you give me...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 12 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 18.--THE GOLDEN CHILDREN There were three princesses, and they vaunted themselves before the three princes. One vaunted that she will make him a golden boy and girl. And one vaunted that she will p. 71 feed his army with one crust...
Introduction. Kounavine : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], KOUNAVINE. p. lxii Lastly, in the "Gypsy Lore Journal" for April and July 1890, were two long articles by Dr. A. B. Elysseeff--'Kounavine's Materials for the Study of the Gypsies.' According to these, Michael Ivanovitch Kounavine (1820-81)...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 05 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 25.--THE HEN THAT LAID DIAMONDS There was a poor man, and he had three sons. And the youngest found six kreutzers, and said, 'Take, father, these six kreutzers, and go into the town and buy something.' And the old man went into the town...
Chapter V. Slovak, Moravian, And Bohemi. Part 04 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 141 CHAPTER V SLOVAK, MORAVIAN, AND BOHEMIAN GYPSY STORIES NO. 41.--THE THREE GIRLS SOMEWHERE there was a king who had three daughters, princesses. Those three sisters used to go to meet the devils, and the father knew not where they went...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 06 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 11.--THE TWO THIEVES There was a time when there was. There were two thieves. One was a country thief, and one a town thief. So the time came that the two met, and they asked one another whence they are and what they are. Then the country...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 11 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 20 NO. 6.--GOD'S GODSON There was a queen. From youth to old age that queen never bore but one son. That son was a hero. So soon as he was born, he said to his father, 'Father, have you no sword or club?' 'No, my child, but I will order...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 56 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 56.--THE FIVE TRADES Once there were a sailor and other four men. One was a smith, and the other was a soldier and a tailor, and the last was an innkeeper. The sailor asked the smith to come upon the sea. The smith said, 'No, I must go...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 71. Winter : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 71.--WINTER An old man and woman, very poor, live in a cottage. The old man saves up money in a stocking for winter. A beggar comes to the door. The old woman asks his name. 'Winter. Here is money, my old man, saved for you.' The old...
Introduction. Eastern Gypsies In Galloway : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], EASTERN GYPSIES IN GALLOWAY. I thought at first it must have been some of this band whom my friend Mr. Robert Burns, the Edinburgh artist, met in Galloway in 1895; but his account of that meeting, written at my request, dispels that noti...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 10 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 7.--THE SNAKE WHO BECAME THE KING'S SON-IN-LAW There were an old man and an old woman. From their youth up to their old age they had never had any children (lit. 'made any children of their bones'). So the old woman was always scolding...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 57 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 235 NO. 57.--ASHYPELT Once there was an old man and an old 'ooman livin' in the Forest o' Dean. They 'ad twelve sons, and there was one son called Ashypelt. He was the youngest son, and they didn't never think but very little o' Ashypelt...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 04 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 100 NO. 26.--THE WINGED HERO There was a certain great craftsman, and he was rich. He took to drinking and gambling, and drank away all his wealth, and grew poor, so that he had nothing to eat. He saw a dream, that he should make himself...
Appendix. John Bunyan : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], JOHN BUNYAN. Folk-tales are scarcely literature, but a question affecting the world's literature arises out of these Gypsy folk-tales. Was the author of "The Pilgrim's Progress" an English peasant or a Gypsy half-breed? The Rev. J. Brown...
Introduction. Unique Features : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], UNIQUE FEATURES. An absolutely unique story or incident is a very rare find in folklore. A few stories in the present collection I have not been able to match, "e.g." 'The Three Princesses and the Unclean Spirit' (No. 10), 'The Red King...
Introduction. In North America : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN NORTH AMERICA. As to America it was till recently supposed that there were not, had never been, any Gypsies there. In 'The Fortune-teller,' a story reprinted in "Chambers's Journal" for November 25, 1843, from "The Lady's Book"...
Introduction. Gypsies As Nomads : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSIES AS NOMADS. No; language, like history, has yielded important results, but on many points we still have almost everything to learn. We do not know within a thousand years when the Gypsies left India, or when they arrived in Persi...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 59 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 59.--THE OLD SMITH 1 An old smith lived on a hill with his wife and mother-in-law. He could only make ploughshares. A boy comes, and wants his horse shod. The smith could not do it. The boy cuts the horse's legs off, stops the blood...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 14 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 36.--HAPPY BOZ'LL Wonst upon a time there was a Romano, and his name was Happy Boz'll, and he had a German-silver grinding-barrow, and he used to put his wife and his child on the top, p. 130 and he used to go that quick along the road he...
Introduction. Campbell Of Islay : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], CAMPBELL OF ISLAY In the "Saturday Review" for 22nd August 1856 was an article by, I fancy, Grenville Murray, the 'Roving Englishman,' on Alexandri's "Ballades et Chants Populaires de la Roumanie", where allusion is made to 'the long-haired...
Chapter Iv. Transylvanian Gypsy Stories. Part 03 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 133 NO. 38.--THE THREE GOLDEN HAIRS OF THE SUN-KING A rich, mighty king once went hunting, and wandered himself in a great forest. Towards evening he came to a hut, in which lived a poor charcoal-burner. The king asked the poor man his way...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 110 In my copy of this book several letters are missing from the right edge of each line on page 110. I have silently reconstructed the effaced text.--JBH NO. 29.--PRETTY-FACE There was a widow lady, and she had an only son. An he stuck...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 04 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 13.--THE WATCHMAKER There was once a poor lad. He took the road, went to find himself a master. He met a priest on the road. Where are you going, my lad?' 'I am going to find myself a master.' 'Mine's the very place for you, my lad...
Introduction. Atsincan : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], ATSINCAN. Far less dubious seems an extract from the Georgian Life of Giorgi Mtharsmindel of Mount Athos (St. Petersburg, 1846, p, 241), which was demonstrably composed in the year 1100. We have two French translations of that extract--one...
Introduction. In England : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN ENGLAND. The earliest certain mention of their presence in England is this chance allusion in "A Dyalog of Syr Thomas More, knyght" (1529), bk. iii. ch. xv. In 1514 the king sent the lords to inquire into the death of Richard Hunne...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 10 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 20.--MARE'S SON A priest went riding on his mare to town. And.... he led her into the forest, and left her there. The mare brought forth a son. And God came and baptized him, and gave him the name 'Mare's Son.' He sucked one year...
Introduction. In Corfu : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN CORFU. The Empress Catherine de Courtenay-Valois (1301-46), granted to the suzerains of Corfu authority to receive as vassals certain '"homines vageniti",' coming from the Greek mainland, and using the Greek rite. By the close...
Introduction. Dr. Kopernicki : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], DR. KOPERNICKI. Isidore Kopernicki, M.D. (1825-91), published in 1872 a German monograph on Gypsy craniology, and, called from Bucharest to Cracow in 1870, collected thirty Polish- Gypsy folk-tales in 1875-77. A year or two before his death...
Introduction. The Anthropological Theory : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL THEORY. In his Introduction to Mrs. Hunt's admirable translation of Grimm, Mr. Andrew Lang thus expounded his 'Anthropological' theory of folk-tales:-- 'As to the origin of the wild incidents in "Household Tales", let any...
Introduction. Literary Sources : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], LITERARY SOURCES. A curious point about these Gypsy stories is that in three or four of them one recognises an incident or a whole plot which, unless it be Gypsy, the Gypsies would seem to have derived from books. Here, for instance, are two...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 06 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 24.--THE PRINCE, HIS COMRADE, AND NASTASA THE FAIR There was an emperor with an only son; and he put him to school, to learn to read. And he said to his father, 'Father, find me a comrade, for I'm tired of going to school.' The emper...
Introduction. Cannibalism : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], CANNIBALISM. [paragraph continues] Nor even for cannibalism need Mr. Lang go far back or far afield. In 1782 in Hungary, next door to Germany, forty-five Gypsies, men and women, were beheaded, broken on the wheel, quartered alive, or hanged...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 18 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 32.--THE ENCHANTED CITY There was a poor lad, and he served seven years, and could not earn anything. And he went into the world, and went into a city, and spent the night there, and lay down under a wall, and slept. In that wall there...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 55 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 55.--AN OLD KING AND HIS THREE SONS IN ENGLAND Once upon a time there was an old King, who had three sons. And the old King fell very sick one time, and there was nothing at all could make him well but some golden apples from a far...
Introduction. Dr. R. Von Sowa : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], DR. R. VON SOWA. "Die Mundart der Slovakischen Zigeuner" (Gttingen, 1887), by Dr. Rudolf von Sowa, of Brnn, is based on nineteen Slovak-Gypsy stories which he collected at Teplicz in 1884-85, and nine of which are given in the original Rmani...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 12 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 14 CHAPTER II ROUMANIAN-GYPSY STORIES NO. 5.--THE VAMPIRE THERE was an old woman in a village. And grown-up maidens met and span, and made a 'bee.' 1 And the young sparks came and laid hold of the girls, and pulled them about and kissed...
Introduction. Nails Of Crucifixion : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NAILS OF CRUCIFIXION. Du Cange's last passage is by far the most interesting:--'Anonymus de Passione Domini: "And when they arrive at the place, the "komodromos" coming to crucify him," etc. Why so interesting? there does not seem much...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 02 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 28.--THE BEAUTIFUL MOUNTAIN Somewhere far off were a quarryman and his wife. They had a son in their old age. They died. An old man comes to beg, and asks boy will he come with him to seek fortune. They go. 'Wish p. 108 me into a horse.'...
Chapter V. Slovak, Moravian, And Bohemi : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 44.--THE THREE DRAGONS A gentleman had three daughters. They went one day to a pond to bathe. There came a dragon, and carried them off. He hurried with them to a rocky cave. There they remained twelve years, without their father seeing...
Chapter V. Slovak, Moravian, And Bohemi. Part 03 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 42.--THE DRAGON There was a great city. In that city was great mourning; every day it was hung with black cloth and with red. There was in a cave a great dragon; it had four-and-twenty heads. Every day must he eat a woman--ah! God! wh...
Introduction. Gypsy Variants : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSY VARIANTS. [paragraph continues] We have five Gypsy versions of 'The Master Thief' (Nos. 11, 12), one from Roumania, two from Hungary, and two from Wales; and two of the cognate story, 'Tropsyn' (Nos. 27, 28), from the Bukowina and Wales...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 08 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 9.--THE MOTHER'S CHASTISEMENT There was an emperor's son, and he went to hunt. And he departed from the hunters by himself. And by a certain stack there was a maiden. He passed near the stack, and heard her lamenting. He took that maiden...
Introduction. Gaelic And Welsh Gypsy Stories : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GAELIC AND WELSH-GYPSY STORIES. Now, of 'The Battle of the Birds' we have a Welsh-Gypsy version, 'The Green Man of Noman's Land' (No. 62), lacking, it is true, this episode, which may be an interpolation in the Gaelic story, but unmistakably...
Introduction. Indian Parallels : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], INDIAN PARALLELS. I raise these objections myself, knowing that, if I did not, someone else would certainly do so, with the gleeful remark, 'Down goes the silly theory of the dispersion of folk-tales by Gypsies.' By no means, necessarily...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 67 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 67.--CINDERELLA A glorious version, too long to take down, and now almost forgotten. After Cinderella's marriage the sisters live with her, and flirt with the prince. Her children are stolen, and Cinderella is turned into a sow. She...
Introduction. At Bologna : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], AT BOLOGNA. Next the "Chronica di Bologna" tells how 'the 18th of July 1422 a duke of Egypt, Duke Andrew, arrived at Bologna, with women, p. xi children, and men from his own country. There might be a hundred. This duke having denied...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 16.--THE APPLES OF PREGNANCY There were where there were a king and a queen. Now for sixteen years that king and that queen had had no sons or daughters. So he thought they would never have any. And he was always weeping and lamenting...
Introduction. Mr. John Sampson : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], MR. JOHN SAMPSON. I may regret my own missed opportunities the less, as English and Welsh Gypsy folk-tales have found at length an ideal collector in my friend, Mr. John Sampson, the librarian of University College, Liverpool. No man could be...
Introduction. Possible Gypsy Influences : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], POSSIBLE GYPSY INFLUENCES. I have told English Gypsies Grimm's tale of 'The Hare and the Hedgehog,' and they always pronounce that it must be a Rmani story ('Who else would have gone for to make up a tale about hedgehogs?') 1 But the questi...
Chapter Ix. Scottish Tinker Stories. No. Part 03 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 74.--THE TALE OF THE SOLDIER There was an old soldier once, and he left the army. He went to the top of a hill that was at the upper end of the town-land, and he said, 'Well, may it be that the Mischief may come and take me with him...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 63 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 63.--THE BLACK LADY A young girl goes to service at an old castle with the Black Lady, who warns her not to look through the window. The Black Lady goes out. The girl gets bored, looks through the window, and sees the Black Lady playing...
Introduction. Story Telling A Living Gypsy Art : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], STORY-TELLING A LIVING GYPSY ART. A tree can never be quite dead as long as it puts forth shoots; I fancy the very latest shoot in the whole Yggdrasil of European folk-tales p. lxxxi is the episode in 'The Tinker and his Wife' (No. 70), where...
Introduction. Boat Dwelling Tinkers : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], BOAT-DWELLING TINKERS. 'I spent the month of August this year (1890) at Crinan Harbour, in Argyllshire, and there came for a few moments across a family of "Tinklers," who are, I fancy, worth following up for the sake of getting from them...
Dr. F. Muller : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], CAMPBELL OF ISLAY. Of the four stories which I cite (No. 73-76) from J. F. Campbell's "Popular Tales of the West Highlands" (4 vols. 1860-62), three were told by John MacDonald, travelling tinker, and the fourth by his old father. 'John,'...
Introduction. In South America : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN SOUTH AMERICA. For South America our information was, quite recently, even more meagre. Twenty years ago I just knew from Henry Koster's "Travels in Brazil" (Lond. 1816, p. 399) of the presence of Ciganos there, whom he described as '...
Chapter Vi. Polish Gypsy Stories. No. 47 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 47.--THE BRIGANDS AND THE MILLER'S DAUGHTER There was once a miller who had a beautiful daughter. Noble lords paid their court to her, but she cared not for them. She was wooed by high officials, but neither to them did she listen...
Introduction. Gypsy Originality : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSY ORIGINALITY. Sometimes, I scarce know why, the eloquence and the ingenuity of folklorists suggest these reminiscences; anyhow, I doubt if to folklorists my theory is likely to commend itself. From solar myths, savage philosophy, arch...
Introduction. Tokens Of Recent Diffusion : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], TOKENS OF RECENT DIFFUSION. Sometimes, however, it seems to me, we get sure tokens of recent diffusion. Thus in the folk-tales to which Sir George Cox, Professor de Gubernatis, and their fellow-mythologists assign a prehistoric antiquity, one...
Introduction. Dr. Paspati : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. xlix DR. PASPATI. Alexander G. Paspati, M.D., who died at Athens in the Christmas week of 1891, practised long as a doctor at Constantinople, and was an eminent Byzantine antiquary. His "tudes sur les Tchinghians ou Bohmiens de l'Empire...
Introduction. Gypsy Folk Tales : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSY FOLK-TALES. Given then this wandering race, from time immemorial established in Europe, but emigrants originally from India: the interest of their folk-tales, if folk-tales indeed they have, will surely at once be apparent to every...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 65 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 65.--THE THREE WISHES 1 A fool lives with his mother. Once on a hillside he finds a young lady exposed to the heat of the sun, and twines a bower of bushes round her for protection. She awakes, and gives him three wishes. He wishes he...
Introduction. Irish And Gypsy Folk Tales : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IRISH AND GYPSY FOLK-TALES. It is hard to conceive how stories told by Welsh Gypsies should have been derived from West Highland folk-tales; of the alternative notion that the West Highland folk-tales may have originally been derived...
Introduction. Appearance In West : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], APPEARANCE IN WEST. Late in 1417 a band of 'Secani' or Tsigans, 300 in number, besides children and infants, arrived in Germany 'from Eastern parts' or 'from Tartary.' Their presence is first recorded at Luneburg; and thence they passed...
Introduction. In Scotland : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN SCOTLAND. In Scotland the accounts of the Lord High Treasurer yield this entry: '1505, April 22. Item to the Egyptianis be the Kingis command, vij lib.'; and Gypsies probably were the overliers and masterful beggars whom an Act of 1449...
Chapter Ix. Scottish Tinker Stories. No : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 76.--THE MAGIC SHIRT 1 'There was a king and a knight, as there was and will be, and as grows the fir-tree, some of it crooked and some of it straight; and he was a king of Eirinn,' said the old tinker, and then came a wicked stepmother...
Introduction. In Roumania : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN ROUMANIA. In 1387 Mircea I., woiwode of Wallachia, by a charter still preserved in the archives of Bucharest, renewed a grant made about 1370 by his uncle Vladislav to the monastery of St. Anthony at Voditza of forty "salaschi" ('tents'...
Chapter Vi. Polish Gypsy Stories. No. 49 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 49.--THE GOLDEN BIRD AND THE GOOD HARE Once upon a time there was a king who had three sons, two wise and one foolish. This king had an apple-tree which bore golden apples; but every night some one robbed him of these apples. The king...
Chapter I. Turkish Gypsy Stories. No. 4 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 4.--STORY OF THE BRIDGE In olden days there were twelve brothers. And the eldest brother, the carpenter Manoli, was making the long bridge. One side he makes; one side falls. The twelve brothers had one mistress, and they all had to do...
Introduction. John Roberts : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], JOHN ROBERTS. Twenty to thirty years ago I knew hundreds of Gypsies in most parts of England and Wales. But the Rmani dialect was in those days my all-in-all; I would walk or ride thirty miles, and feel richly rewarded if I came back with two...
Appendix. De New Han : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 291 APPENDIX P. 249.--The following Negro folk-tale, first printed by me in the "Athenum" for 10th August 1887, p. 245, was taken down by an American acquaintance, Mr. J. P. Suverkrop, C.E., in 1871, at Sand Mountain, Alabam...
Chapter Vii. English Gypsy Stories. No. 52 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 52.--DE LITTLE FOX In ole formel times, when deh used to be kings an' queens, deah wuz a king an' queen hed on'y one darter. And dey stored dis darter like de eyes in deir head, an' dey hardly would let de wind blow an her. Dey lived...
Introduction. 'greek Gypsies : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], 'GREEK GYPSIES.' In July 1886 ninety-nine Gypsies arrived by train at Liverpool. They were called the 'Greek Gypsies,' and had started from Corfu, but according to their passports came from all parts of Greece and European Turkey, as also...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 61 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 61.--THE DRAGON A lord, his wife, and his daughter live at a great castle. A poor lad is engaged to mind the sheep. The daughter gives him bread and beer in a basket for lunch. The old lord explains that previous servants have always come...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 69 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 69.--THE FOOL WITH THE SHEEP The youngest of three brothers is a fool, and the two others want to kill him. They induce him to get into a sack as the way to go to heaven. He does so, and they take him to the sea. They stop for a drink...
Introduction. In Crete : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN CRETE. From the preceding it may be safely deduced that, with our present knowledge, or rather lack of knowledge, we can seldom, if ever, fix the precise date when the Gypsies first set foot in any country. Till 1849 it was almost...
Title Page : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSY FOLK TALES BY FRANCIS HINDES GROOME London : Hurst & Blackett [1899] Scanned, proofed and formatted , December 2005, by John Bruno Hare. This text is in the public domain in the United States because it was published prior to 1923...
Introduction. Athingani : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], ATHINGANI. From whatever cause, it seems certain that a confusion did exist between the , or Gypsies, and the , or heretics forming a branch of the Manichan sect of the Paulicians, which renders it sometimes extremely difficult to determine...
Chapter Vi. Polish Gypsy Stories. No. 45 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 155 CHAPTER VI POLISH-GYPSY STORIES NO. 45.--TALE OF A FOOLISH BROTHER AND OF A WONDERFUL BUSH THERE was once a poor peasant who had three sons, two of them wise and one foolish. One day the king gave a feast, to which everybody w...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 20 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 30.--THE RICH AND THE POOR BROTHER There were two brothers, one poor and one rich. And the rich one said to him, 'Come with me, brother, to our father.' And the rich one took bread for himself, and the poor one had none. And the rich one...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 60 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 60.--THE OLD SOLDIER There was a very old soldier; he was twelve years in military service. Then the colonel asked him, 'My good man, what do you want for having served me so many years here? Whatever you want I will give you, for you...
Untitled : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 296 INDEX G. = Gypsy, and Gs. = Gypsies. 'ACCURSED GARDEN, The,' 232. Actors, Gs. as, 124. Africa, Gs. in, ix, xxxviii-xli. Agareni, xxii. 'Aladdin,' 90, 218, 219. 'Ali Baba,' li. American Gs., ix, xv-xvii. Animals, grateful. See Grateful...
Chapter Vii. English Gypsy Stories. No. 53 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 205 NO. 53.--DE LITTLE BULL-CALF Centers of yeahs ago, when all de most part of de country wur a wilderness place, deah wuz a little boy lived in a pooah bit of a poverty 1 house. An' dis boy's father guv him a deah little bull-calf. De...
Dedication : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. vii TO MM. COSQUIN, CLODD, JACOBS, AND LANG AND THEIR FELLOW-FOLKLORISTS THIS BOOK IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED
Chapter I. Turkish Gypsy Stories. No. 1 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 1 GYPSY FOLK-TALES CHAPTER I TURKISH-GYPSY STORIES NO. 1.--THE DEAD MAN'S GRATITUDE 1 A KING had three sons. He gave the youngest a hundred thousand piastres; he gave the same to the eldest son and to the middle one. The youngest arose, he...
Chapter Ix. Scottish Tinker Stories. No. Part 04 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 272 CHAPTER IX SCOTTISH-TINKER STORIES NO. 73.--THE BROWN BEAR OF THE GREEN GLEN THERE was a king in Erin once who had a leash of sons. John was the name of the youngest one, and it was said that he was not wise enough. And this good...
Chapter Vi. Polish Gypsy Stories. No. 48 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 48.--TALE OF A WISE YOUNG JEW AND A GOLDEN HEN There was once a rich nobleman who had lived with his wife for ten years without having any children. One time he dreamt that he would have a very warlike son. Another time he dreamt ag...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 64 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 64.--THE TEN RABBITS In a little house on the hill lived an old woman with her three sons, the youngest of them a fool. The eldest goes to seek his fortune, and tells his mother to bake him a cake. 'Which will you have--a big one...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 72 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 72.--THE BLACK DOG OF THE WILD FOREST There was a king and queen in the north of Ireland, and they had one son. The son had to be revoured when he came of age by the Black Dog of the Wild Forest, and his father was very fond of his s...
Introduction. Questions Of Date : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], QUESTIONS OF DATE. Sometimes, however, a date does seem to preclude the notion that the dissemination of this or that folk-tale can have been due to Gypsies. The 'Grateful Dead,' the first of our collection, is a case in point...
Pazorrhus : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. v 'PAZORRHUS' I AM no folklorist; I have merely dabbled in folklore as a branch of the great Egyptian Question, which includes also intricate problems of philology, ethnology, craniology, archology, history, music, and what not besides...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 68 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 68.--JACK THE ROBBER 1 Now we'll leave the master to stand a bit, and go back to the mother. So in the morning Jack says to his mother, 'Mother,' he says, 'give me one of them old bladders as hang up in the house, and,' he says, 'I'll...
Chapter Vii. English Gypsy Stories. No. 51 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 198 CHAPTER VII ENGLISH-GYPSY STORIES NO. 51.--BOBBY RAG YEAHS an' yeahs an' double yeahs ago, deah wuz a nice young Gypsy gal playin' round an ole oak tree. An' up comed a squire as she wur a-playin', an' he failed in love wid her, an'...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 62 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 254 NO. 62.--THE GREEN MAN OF NOMAN'S LAND There was a young miller, who was a great gambler. Nobody could beat him. One day a man comes and challenges him. They play. Jack wins and demands a castle. There it is. They play again, and Jack...
Chapter Ix. Scottish Tinker Stories. No. Part 02 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 283 NO. 75.--THE FOX Brian, the son of the king of Greece, fell in love with the hen-wife's daughter, and he would marry no other but she. His father said to him on a day of days, before that should happen that he must get first for him...
Chapter Vi. Polish Gypsy Stories. No. 50 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 50.--THE WITCH There was once a nobleman who had a very handsome son. The nobleman wished that his son should marry, but there was nobody whom he would wed. Young ladies of every kind were assembled, but not one of them would he have...
Introduction. Theory : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], THEORY. To recapitulate, my theory, then, is this:--The Gypsies quitted India at an unknown date, probably taking with them some scores of Indian folk-tales, as they certainly took with them many hundreds of Indian words. By way of Persi...
Chapter I. Turkish Gypsy Stories. No. 3 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 3.--THE RIDDLE In those days there was a rich man. He had an only son, and the mother and the father loved him dearly., He went to school; all that there is in the world, he learned it. One day he arose; took four, five purses of money...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 66 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 66.--FAIRY BRIDE A king has three sons, and knows not to which of them to leave his kingdom. They shoot for it with bow and arrows. The youngest shoots so far that his arrow is lost. He seeks it for a long time, and at last finds it...
Introduction. Gypsy Migrations : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSY MIGRATIONS. In the "Academy" for 11th June 1887 Mr. Lang objected: 'Can M. Cosquin show that South Siberia and Zanzibar got their contes by oral transmission from India within the historical period? This is doubtful; but it seems still...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 70 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 70.--THE TINKER AND HIS WIFE Once there was a tinker and his wife, and they got into a bit of very good country for yernin' a few shillings quick. And in this country there wasn't very little lodgings. 'Well, my wench,' he said to his...
Chapter Vi. Polish Gypsy Stories. No. 46 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 46.--TALE OF A GIRL WHO WAS SOLD TO THE DEVIL, AND OF HER BROTHER Once upon a time there lived a countryman and his old wife; he had three daughters, but he was very poor. One p. 162 day he and his young daughter went into the forest...
Introduction. At Paris : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], AT PARIS. The Bourgeois of Paris, whose Journal records this visit with a Pepys-like fidelity, describes how multitudes 'came from Paris, from Sainct Denis, and from the neighbourhood of Paris to see them. And it is true that the children...
Chapter I. Turkish Gypsy Stories. No. 2. Baldpate : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 2.--BALDPATE In those days there was a man built a galleon; he manned her; he would go from the White Sea to the Black Sea. He landed at a village to take in water; there he saw four or five boys playing. One of them was bald. He called...
Introduction. In The Peloponnesus : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN THE PELOPONNESUS. From a Venetian viceroy, moreover, Ottaviano Buono, the Acingani of Nauplion in the Peloponnesus received about 1398 a confirmation of the privileges granted them by his predecessors; and Hopf from two facts infers th...
Introduction. Ciboure : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], CIBOURE. Ciboure, a suburb of St. Jean de Luz, is a sort of Basque Yetholm. Like Yetholm it has largely lost its Gypsy character. Its 'Cascarrotac' are supposed to be the descendants of Gypsies who came from Spain two centuries ago, but they...
Introduction. Gypsy Savagery : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSY SAVAGERY. It is an interesting, the most interesting theory; still I cannot forbear pointing out that many of Mr. Lang's survivals of dead Teutonic savagery are living realities in Gypsy tents. Matty Cooper, discoursing to his 'dear...
Introduction. Dr. Barbu Constantinescu : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], DR. BARBU CONSTANTINESCU. "Probe de Limba si Literatura Taganilor din Romnia", by Dr. Barbu Constantinescu (Bucharest, 1878; 112 pp.), is an admirable p. liii collection of seventy-five Roumanian-Gypsy songs and thirteen folk-tales...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 11 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 19.--THE TWO CHILDREN Somewhere there was a hunter's son, a soldier; and there was also a shoemaker's daughter. She had a dream that if he took her to wife, and if she fell pregnant by him, she would bring forth twins--the boy with...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 05 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 12.--THE GYPSY AND THE PRIEST There was a very poor Gypsy, and he had many little children. And his wife went to the town, begged herself a few potatoes and a little flour. And she had no fat. All right,' she thought; 'wait a bit...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 58 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 58.--TWOPENCE-HALFPENNY There were three brothers. The three were going on the road to seek for work. Night came upon them. They knew not where to go to get lodgings: it was night. They were travelling through a wood on an old road. They...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 15 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 35.--THE LYING STORY Before I was born, my mother had a fancy for roast starlings. And there was no one to go, so I went alone to the. forest. And I found roast starlings in the hollow of a tree. I put in my hand, and could not draw it...
Chapter Iv. Transylvanian Gypsy Stories. Part 02 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 39.--THE DOG AND THE MAIDEN There was once a poor Gypsy with a very beautiful daughter, whom he guarded like the apple of his eye, for he wanted to marry her to a chieftain. So he always kept her in the tent when the lads and lasses s...
Chapter Iv. Transylvanian Gypsy Stories : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 140 NO. 40.--DEATH THE SWEETHEART There was once a pretty young girl with no husband, no father, no mother, no brothers, no kinsfolk: they were all dead and gone. She lived alone in a hut at the end of the village; and no one came near her...
Introduction. In Australia : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], IN AUSTRALIA. To transportation Australia certainly owed its earliest Gypsies. In 1880, a few months before his death, Tom Taylor wrote to me:--'The only Gypsy I ever knew who had travelled among "the people" was one Jones, who used to drive...
Introduction. Caldarari : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], CALDARARI. [paragraph continues] But the case is quite otherwise with the Caldarari, or coppersmiths, of Hungary, for they will wander forth north, south, east, west, and sometimes stay away a whole seven years. Myself I have met with...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 03 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 27.--TROPSYN There was a poor man, and he had four sons. And they went out to service, and went to a gentleman to thrash wheat. And they received so much wheat for a wage, and brought it to their father. 'Here, father, eat; we will go out...
Chapter V. Slovak, Moravian, And Bohemi. Part 02 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 43.--THE PRINCESS AND THE FORESTER'S SON Somewhere or other there lived a forester. He ill-used his wife and his children, and often got drunk. Then the mother said, 'My children, the father is always beating us, so we'll get our things...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 09 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 8.--THE BAD MOTHER There was an emperor. He had been married ten years, but had no children. And God granted that his empress conceived and bore a son. Now that son was heroic; there was none other found like him. And the father lived...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 19 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 31--THE THREE BROTHERS There was, there was not, a lord; and he had three sons. And one was the eldest son, and he said to his father, 'We will go somewhere to seek a livelihood.' 'Well, go, my sons,' said their father. When they went, he...
Chapter Viii. Welsh Gypsy Stories. No. 54 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 209 CHAPTER VIII WELSH-GYPSY STORIES NO. 54.--JACK AND HIS GOLDEN SNUFF-BOX ONCE upon a time there was an old man and an old woman, and they had one son, and they lived in a great forest. And their son never saw any other people in his...
Introduction. Distribution Of Gypsies : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. ix INTRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION OF GYPSIES. No race is more widely scattered over the earth's surface than the Gypsies; the very Jews are less ubiquitous. Go where one will in Europe, one comes upon Gypsies everywhere--from Finland to Sicily...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 07 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 23.--THE SEER They say that there was an emperor, and he had three sons. And he gave a ball; all Bukowina came to it. And a mist descended, and there came a dragon, and caught up the empress, and carried her into the forests to a mount...
Introduction. The Chaltsmide : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], THE CHALTSMIDE. In a free metrical paraphrase of Genesis, made in German about or before the year 1122 by an Austrian monk, and cited by Freytag in "Bilder aus der deutschen Vergangenheit" (1859, 226), occurs this passage:--'So she [Hagar]...
Introduction. Other Parallels : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], OTHER PARALLELS. Resemblances only less strongly marked are observable between Campbell's two stories of 'The Shifty Lad' and 'The Three Widows' and the Welsh-Gypsy story of 'Jack the Robber' (No. 68), between his ' Tale of the Soldier'...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 07 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 10.--THE THREE PRINCESSES AND THE UNCLEAN SPIRIT There was a king; and from youth to old age he had no son. In his old age three daughters were born to him. And the very morning of their birth the Unclean Spirit came and took them...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 13 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 67 CHAPTER III BUKOWINA-GYPSY STORIES NO. 17.--IT ALL COMES TO LIGHT THERE was a man with as many children as ants in an anthill. And three of the girls went to reap corn, and the emperor's son came by. And the eldest girl said, 'If...
Introduction. Wlislocki : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], WLISLOCKI. "Mrchen and Sagen der Transilvanischen Zigeuner" (Berlin, 1886, 157 pages), by Dr. Heinrich von Wlislocki, differs from all other Continental collections of Rmani folk-tales in this, that its sixty-three stories are published...
Chapter Iv. Transylvanian Gypsy Stories. Part 04 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 131 CHAPTER IV TRANSYLVANIAN-GYPSY STORIES NO. 37.--THE CREATION OF THE VIOLIN IN a hut on a mountain, in a fair forest, lived a girl with her four brothers, her father, and her mother. The sister loved a handsome rich huntsman, who often...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 17 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 121 NO. 33.--THE JEALOUS HUSBAND There was a merchant, great and wealthy, and he had a beautiful wife; he did not let her go out. And he went in a ship on the Danube after merchandise with another merchant. And they were coming home. They...
Chapter Iii. Bukowina Gypsy Stories. No. Part 09 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], NO. 21.--THE DELUDED DRAGON There was an old man with a multitude of children. He had an underground cave in the forest. He said, 'Make me a honey-cake, for I will go and earn something.' He went into the forest, and found a well. By the well...
Introduction. Gypsy Story Tellers : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], GYPSY STORY-TELLERS. Campbell of Islay has shown us a Gypsy professional story-teller in London, and Paspati has shown us a Gypsy professional story-teller, the grandson of one at Constantinople. That is not much, perhaps; but there are...
Chapter Ii. Roumanian Gypsy Stories. No. Part 03 : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], p. 58 NO. 14.--THE RED KING AND THE WITCH It was the Red King, and he bought ten ducats' worth of victuals. He cooked them, and he put them in a press. And he locked the press, and from night to night posted people to guard the victuals...
Introduction. Theory As To Gypsy Folk Tales : * "Gypsy Folk Tales", by Francis Hindes Groome, [1899], THEORY AS TO GYPSY FOLK-TALES. So there the folklorists have all that is essential--or rather all that I can give of the essential--for the right understanding of the following seventy-six folk-tales. And there I should have been quite...
