Appendix
Appendix.
Maori Terms Of Relationship.
Tupuna. \"An ancestor--male or female".
Matua. \"A father, or uncle either patruus or avunculus".
Papa. \"The same".
Whaea. \"A mother, or aunt on either side".
Tama. \"Eldest nephew".
Tamahine. \"Eldest niece; also used more generally".
Tamaiti. \"Son, or nephew".
Tamaroa. \"The same".
Tuakana. \"Elder brother of males, elder sister of females; also elder brother's children in reference to younger brother's children, elder sister's children in reference to younger sister's children".
Teina. \"The younger brother of males, the younger sister of females; also the younger brother's children in reference to elder brother's children, the younger sister's children in reference to elder sister's children".
Tungane. \"A sister's brother".
Tuahine. A brother's sister.
Iramutu. \"A nephew, or niece".
Hungawai. \"A father-in-law, or mother-in-law".
Hunaonga. \"A son-in-law, or daughter-in-law".
Taokete. \"A man's brother-in-law, or sister's sister-in-law".
Autane. \"A woman's brother-in-law".
Auwahine. A man's sister-in-law.
Potiki. \"A brother's children, or sister's children; also the youngest child of a family".
Mokopuna. \"A grand-child, or child of a nephew or niece".
Huanga. \"A relation in general".
Whanaunga-tupu. \"A blood relation".
{p. 107}
Ariki. \"The first born male or female".
Waewae. \"A man's younger brother: literally the foot".
Hamua. \"Syn. tuakana".
Maronui. \"A married man or woman".
Takakau. \"A single man or woman".
Pouaru. \"A widow".
Puhi. \"A betrothed female, also a female of rank restricted from marriage".
He Wahine Taumaro. \"A betrothed female". N.B.--There is a distinction between a "Puhi" and a "wahine taumaro". The betrothed female is a "Puhi" in reference to her father's act of consent, and a "wahine taumaro" in reference to her future father-in-law's act of consent to the arrangement.
Vocabulary Of Some Maori Words Requiring Explanation.
Ihi has the sense of "tapu" when occurring in "karakia", or invocations of spirits.
Kahukahu, the spirit of the germ of a human being: also called "Atua" noho-whare, or house-dwelling "Atua". Verbi "kahukahu" significatio simplex est panniculus; et panniculus quo utitur femina menstrualis nomine "kahukahu" dicitur {Greek "kat? e?ksoxh`n"}. Apud populum Nov Zeland creditur sanguinem utero sub tempus menstruale effusum continere germina hominis; et secundm prcepta veteris superstitionis panniculus sanguine menstruali imbutus habebatur sacer ("tapu"), haud aliter qum si formam humanam accepisset: mulierum autem mos est
{p. 108}
hos panniculos intra juncos parietum abdere; et hc de caus paries est doms pars adeo sacra ut nemo illi innixus sedere audeat.
Karakia. This word generally rendered by 'charm,' does not signify what the word charm would mean, in its popular sense. The word 'invocation' conveys more correctly its meaning; for it is a prayer addressed to spirits of deceased ancestors, in form somewhat like a litany.
Kaupapa, One whom the spirit of an ancestor visits, and who is its medium of communication with the living.
Pukenga, a spirit, the author or first teacher of any "karakia".
Tapairu, any very sacred ancestral Spirit: also sometimes applied to the female.
Tauira, a person who is being instructed by a "tohunga", or by the spirit of a parent or ancestor. He had to submit to a strict fast of several days before he was taught any important "karakia".
Tipua, or TUPUA, the spirit of one who when living was noted for powerful "karakia".
Tiri, a strip of flax leaf or "toetoe" so placed as to serve as an imaginary pathway for an "Atua". In sickness a "tiri" is suspended above the head of the sick person to facilitate the departure of the "Atua" who causes the disease. A "tiri" is also suspended near the "kaupapa", when he desires his "Atua" to visit him. It is also applied to signify the "karakia" used on such occasions.
Tohunga, a person skilled in "karakia", also one skilled in any craft.
{p. 109}
Tuahu, a sacred place where offerings of food--first fruits--for the "Atua" were deposited.
Wananga, the spirit of anyone who when living had learned the "karakia" of his ancestors: thus when a "tauira" died he became a "wananga".
Te Karakia
Mo te pikinga o Tawhaki ki te Rangi.--"vid." p. 73
Piki ake Tawhaki i te ara kuiti
I whakatauria ai te ara o Rangi,
Te ara o Tu-kaiteuru.
Ka kakea te ara wha-iti,
Ka kakea te ara wha-rahi,
Ko te ara i whakatauria ai
To tupuna a Te Ao-nunui,
A Te Ao-roroa,
A Te Ao-whititera.
Tena ka eke
Kei to Ihi,
Kei to Mana,
Kei nga mano o runga,
Kei o Ariki,
Kei o Tapairu,
Kei o Pukenga,
Kei o Wananga,
Kei o Tauira.
Te Tuku O Hine-te-iwaiwa.--\"VID." P. 28.
Raranga, raranga tku takapau,
Ka pukea e te wai,
Hei moenga mo aku rei.
Ko Rupe, ko Manumea,
Ka pukea: ! !
Mo aku rei tokorua ka pukea.
Ka pukea au e te wai,
Ka pukea, ! ! {p. 110}
Ko koro taku tane ka pukea.
Piki ake hoki au ki runga nei:
Te Matitikura, ! !
Ki a Toroa irunga,
Te Matitikura, ! !
Kia whakawhanaua aku tama
Ko an anake ra.
Tu te turuturu no Hine-rauwharangi;
Tu te turuturu no Hine-te-iwaiwa.
Tu i tou tia me ko Ihuwareware;
Tu i ton kona me ko Ihuatamai.
Kaua rangia an e Rupe.
Kei tauatia, ko an te inati,
Ko Hine-te-iwaiwa.
Tuku iho irunga i tou huru,
I tou upoko,
I on tara-pakihiwi,
I tou uma,
I to ate,
I ou turipona,
I ou waewae.
E tuku ra ki waho.
Tuku ewe,
Tuku take,
Tuku parapara.
Naumai ki waho.
Karakia
Mo te wahine i pkia nga u i te whanautanga o te tamaiti.--"vid". p. 39.
Nga puna irunga te homai,
Te ringia ki te matamata
O nga u o tenei wahine;
Te kopata i te rangi te homai
Hei whakato mo nga u
O tenei wahine:
M te matamata o nga u {p. 111}
O tenei wahine:
Nga u atarere reremai
Ki te matamata o nga u
O tenei wahine:
Nga u atarere tukua mai.
Tenei hoki te tamaiti te tangi nei,
Te aue nei i te po nui,
I te po roa.
Ko Tu-te-awhiawhi,
Ko Tu-te-pupuke,
Naumai ki ahau,
Ki tenei tauira.
Karakia
Mo te whakapikinga o te ara o te tupapaku ana ka mate, kia tika ai te haere ki nga mea kua mate atu imua.--"vid". p. 44.
Tena te ara, ko te ara o Tawhaki,
I piki ai ki te rangi,
I kake ai ki tou tini,
Ki tou mano:
I whano ai koe,
I taemai ai to wairua ora
Ki ton kaupapa.
Tenei hoki ahau
Te mihi atu nei,
Te tangi atu nei
Ki to wairua mate.
Puta purehurehu mai
To putanga mai ki ahau,
Ki to kaupapa,
I piri mai ai koe,
I tangi mai ai koe.
Tena te tiri,
Ko te tiri a o tupuna,
Ko te tiri a nga Pukenga,
A nga Wananga,
Aku, a tenei tauira.
{p. 112}
He Whakamuri-aroha.--\"VID". P. 47-8.
Aha te hau e maene ki to kiri?
E kore pea koe e ingo mai ki to hoa,
I piri ai korua i to korua moenga,
I awhi ai korua,
I tangi ai korua.
Tena taku aroha
Ma te hau e kawe ki a koe,
Huri mai to aroha,
Tangi mai ki to moenga,
I moe ai korua.
Kia pupuke--a--wai to aroha.
Te Poroporo-aki A Tama-te-kapua.--\"VID". P. 53.
E papa nga rakau i runga i a koe,
Mau ake te Whakro ake. Ae, Ae.
E haere nga taua i te ao nei,
Mau e patu. Ae, Ae.
Maori Terms Of Relationship.
Tupuna. \"An ancestor--male or female".
Matua. \"A father, or uncle either patruus or avunculus".
Papa. \"The same".
Whaea. \"A mother, or aunt on either side".
Tama. \"Eldest nephew".
Tamahine. \"Eldest niece; also used more generally".
Tamaiti. \"Son, or nephew".
Tamaroa. \"The same".
Tuakana. \"Elder brother of males, elder sister of females; also elder brother's children in reference to younger brother's children, elder sister's children in reference to younger sister's children".
Teina. \"The younger brother of males, the younger sister of females; also the younger brother's children in reference to elder brother's children, the younger sister's children in reference to elder sister's children".
Tungane. \"A sister's brother".
Tuahine. A brother's sister.
Iramutu. \"A nephew, or niece".
Hungawai. \"A father-in-law, or mother-in-law".
Hunaonga. \"A son-in-law, or daughter-in-law".
Taokete. \"A man's brother-in-law, or sister's sister-in-law".
Autane. \"A woman's brother-in-law".
Auwahine. A man's sister-in-law.
Potiki. \"A brother's children, or sister's children; also the youngest child of a family".
Mokopuna. \"A grand-child, or child of a nephew or niece".
Huanga. \"A relation in general".
Whanaunga-tupu. \"A blood relation".
{p. 107}
Ariki. \"The first born male or female".
Waewae. \"A man's younger brother: literally the foot".
Hamua. \"Syn. tuakana".
Maronui. \"A married man or woman".
Takakau. \"A single man or woman".
Pouaru. \"A widow".
Puhi. \"A betrothed female, also a female of rank restricted from marriage".
He Wahine Taumaro. \"A betrothed female". N.B.--There is a distinction between a "Puhi" and a "wahine taumaro". The betrothed female is a "Puhi" in reference to her father's act of consent, and a "wahine taumaro" in reference to her future father-in-law's act of consent to the arrangement.
Vocabulary Of Some Maori Words Requiring Explanation.
Ihi has the sense of "tapu" when occurring in "karakia", or invocations of spirits.
Kahukahu, the spirit of the germ of a human being: also called "Atua" noho-whare, or house-dwelling "Atua". Verbi "kahukahu" significatio simplex est panniculus; et panniculus quo utitur femina menstrualis nomine "kahukahu" dicitur {Greek "kat? e?ksoxh`n"}. Apud populum Nov Zeland creditur sanguinem utero sub tempus menstruale effusum continere germina hominis; et secundm prcepta veteris superstitionis panniculus sanguine menstruali imbutus habebatur sacer ("tapu"), haud aliter qum si formam humanam accepisset: mulierum autem mos est
{p. 108}
hos panniculos intra juncos parietum abdere; et hc de caus paries est doms pars adeo sacra ut nemo illi innixus sedere audeat.
Karakia. This word generally rendered by 'charm,' does not signify what the word charm would mean, in its popular sense. The word 'invocation' conveys more correctly its meaning; for it is a prayer addressed to spirits of deceased ancestors, in form somewhat like a litany.
Kaupapa, One whom the spirit of an ancestor visits, and who is its medium of communication with the living.
Pukenga, a spirit, the author or first teacher of any "karakia".
Tapairu, any very sacred ancestral Spirit: also sometimes applied to the female.
Tauira, a person who is being instructed by a "tohunga", or by the spirit of a parent or ancestor. He had to submit to a strict fast of several days before he was taught any important "karakia".
Tipua, or TUPUA, the spirit of one who when living was noted for powerful "karakia".
Tiri, a strip of flax leaf or "toetoe" so placed as to serve as an imaginary pathway for an "Atua". In sickness a "tiri" is suspended above the head of the sick person to facilitate the departure of the "Atua" who causes the disease. A "tiri" is also suspended near the "kaupapa", when he desires his "Atua" to visit him. It is also applied to signify the "karakia" used on such occasions.
Tohunga, a person skilled in "karakia", also one skilled in any craft.
{p. 109}
Tuahu, a sacred place where offerings of food--first fruits--for the "Atua" were deposited.
Wananga, the spirit of anyone who when living had learned the "karakia" of his ancestors: thus when a "tauira" died he became a "wananga".
Te Karakia
Mo te pikinga o Tawhaki ki te Rangi.--"vid." p. 73
Piki ake Tawhaki i te ara kuiti
I whakatauria ai te ara o Rangi,
Te ara o Tu-kaiteuru.
Ka kakea te ara wha-iti,
Ka kakea te ara wha-rahi,
Ko te ara i whakatauria ai
To tupuna a Te Ao-nunui,
A Te Ao-roroa,
A Te Ao-whititera.
Tena ka eke
Kei to Ihi,
Kei to Mana,
Kei nga mano o runga,
Kei o Ariki,
Kei o Tapairu,
Kei o Pukenga,
Kei o Wananga,
Kei o Tauira.
Te Tuku O Hine-te-iwaiwa.--\"VID." P. 28.
Raranga, raranga tku takapau,
Ka pukea e te wai,
Hei moenga mo aku rei.
Ko Rupe, ko Manumea,
Ka pukea: ! !
Mo aku rei tokorua ka pukea.
Ka pukea au e te wai,
Ka pukea, ! ! {p. 110}
Ko koro taku tane ka pukea.
Piki ake hoki au ki runga nei:
Te Matitikura, ! !
Ki a Toroa irunga,
Te Matitikura, ! !
Kia whakawhanaua aku tama
Ko an anake ra.
Tu te turuturu no Hine-rauwharangi;
Tu te turuturu no Hine-te-iwaiwa.
Tu i tou tia me ko Ihuwareware;
Tu i ton kona me ko Ihuatamai.
Kaua rangia an e Rupe.
Kei tauatia, ko an te inati,
Ko Hine-te-iwaiwa.
Tuku iho irunga i tou huru,
I tou upoko,
I on tara-pakihiwi,
I tou uma,
I to ate,
I ou turipona,
I ou waewae.
E tuku ra ki waho.
Tuku ewe,
Tuku take,
Tuku parapara.
Naumai ki waho.
Karakia
Mo te wahine i pkia nga u i te whanautanga o te tamaiti.--"vid". p. 39.
Nga puna irunga te homai,
Te ringia ki te matamata
O nga u o tenei wahine;
Te kopata i te rangi te homai
Hei whakato mo nga u
O tenei wahine:
M te matamata o nga u {p. 111}
O tenei wahine:
Nga u atarere reremai
Ki te matamata o nga u
O tenei wahine:
Nga u atarere tukua mai.
Tenei hoki te tamaiti te tangi nei,
Te aue nei i te po nui,
I te po roa.
Ko Tu-te-awhiawhi,
Ko Tu-te-pupuke,
Naumai ki ahau,
Ki tenei tauira.
Karakia
Mo te whakapikinga o te ara o te tupapaku ana ka mate, kia tika ai te haere ki nga mea kua mate atu imua.--"vid". p. 44.
Tena te ara, ko te ara o Tawhaki,
I piki ai ki te rangi,
I kake ai ki tou tini,
Ki tou mano:
I whano ai koe,
I taemai ai to wairua ora
Ki ton kaupapa.
Tenei hoki ahau
Te mihi atu nei,
Te tangi atu nei
Ki to wairua mate.
Puta purehurehu mai
To putanga mai ki ahau,
Ki to kaupapa,
I piri mai ai koe,
I tangi mai ai koe.
Tena te tiri,
Ko te tiri a o tupuna,
Ko te tiri a nga Pukenga,
A nga Wananga,
Aku, a tenei tauira.
{p. 112}
He Whakamuri-aroha.--\"VID". P. 47-8.
Aha te hau e maene ki to kiri?
E kore pea koe e ingo mai ki to hoa,
I piri ai korua i to korua moenga,
I awhi ai korua,
I tangi ai korua.
Tena taku aroha
Ma te hau e kawe ki a koe,
Huri mai to aroha,
Tangi mai ki to moenga,
I moe ai korua.
Kia pupuke--a--wai to aroha.
Te Poroporo-aki A Tama-te-kapua.--\"VID". P. 53.
E papa nga rakau i runga i a koe,
Mau ake te Whakro ake. Ae, Ae.
E haere nga taua i te ao nei,
Mau e patu. Ae, Ae.
