Sirozahs. Sirozah I
*
"The Zend Avesta, Part Ii (sbe23)\", James Darmesteter, tr. [1882],
Srzah I.
1. Ormazd.
To Ahura Mazda, bright and glorious 2, and to the Amesha-Spe"tas 3.
p. 4
2. Bahman.
To Vohu-Man 1; to Peace 2, whose breath is friendly 3, and who is more powerful to destroy than all other creatures 4; to the heavenly Wisdom 5, made by Mazda; and to the Wisdom acquired through the ear 5, made by Mazda.
3. Ardibehe"s"t.
To Asha-Vahi"s"ta, the fairest 6; to the much-desired Airyaman, made by Mazda 7; to the instrument made by Mazda 8; and to the good Saoka 9, with eyes of love 10, made by Mazda and holy.
p. 5
4. Shahrvar.
To Khshathra-vairya; to the metals 1; to Mercy and Charity.
5. Sapendrmad.
To the good Spe"n"ta-rmaiti 2, and to the good Rta 3, with eyes of love, made by Mazda and holy.
To Haurvat"t" 4, the master; to the prosperity of the seasons and to the years, the masters of holiness.
7. Murdd.
To Ameret"t" 5, the master; to fatness and flocks; to the plenty of corn; and to the powerful Gaokerena 6, made by Mazda.
(At the gh 7 Hvan): to Mithra 8, the lord of wide pastures and to Rma "H"v"stra 9.
(At the gh Rapithwin): to Asha-Vahi"s"ta and to tar 10, the son of Ahura Mazda 11
p. 6
(At the gh Uzren): to Apm Nap"t" 1, the tall lord, and to the water made by Mazda 2.
(At the gh Aiwisrthrem): to the Fravashis 3 of the faithful, and to the females that bring forth flocks of males 4; to the prosperity of the seasons; to the well-shapen and tall-formed Strength, to Verethraghna 5, made by Ahura, and to the crushing Ascendant 6.
(At the gh Ushahin): to the holy, devout, fiend-smiting Sraosha 7, who makes the world grow; to Rashnu Razi"s"ta 8, and to Ar"s"t"t" 9, who makes the world grow, who makes the world increase 10.
8. Dai Pa dar 11.
To the Maker Ahura Mazda, bright and glorious, and to the Amesha-Spe"n"tas.
p. 7
9. dar.
To tar, the son of Ahura Mazda; to the Glory and to the Weal, made by Mazda; to the Glory of the Aryas 1, made by Mazda; to the awful Glory of the Kavis 2, made by Mazda.
To tar, the son of Ahura Mazda; to king Husravah 3; to the lake of Husravah 4; to Mount snava"n"t" 5, made by Mazda; to Lake "K"a"k"asta 6, made by Mazda; to the Glory of the Kavis, made by Mazda 7.
p. 8
To tar, the son of Ahura Mazda; to Mount Rava"n"t" 1, made by Mazda; to the Glory of the Kavis, made by Mazda 2.
To tar, the beneficent, the warrior; the God who is a full source of Glory, the God who is a full source of healing.
To tar, the son of Ahura Mazda, with all tars 3; to the God Nairy-Sangha 4, who dwells in the navel of kings 5.
10. bn.
To the good Waters, made by Mazda; to the holy water-spring Ardvi Anhita 6; to all waters made by Mazda; to all plants made by Mazda.
11. Khorshd.
To the undying, shining, swift-horsed Sun 7.
12. Mh.
To the Moon that keeps in it the seed of the Bull 8; to the only-created Bull 9; to the Bull of many species 10.
p. 9
13. Tr.
To Ti"s"trya 1, the bright and glorious star; to the powerful Satavasa 2, made by Mazda, who pushes waters forward; to the stars, made by Mazda, that have in them the seed of the waters, the seed of the earth, the seed of the plants 3; to the star Vana"n"t" 4, made by Mazda; to those stars that are seven in number, the Haptiri"n"gas 6, made by Mazda, glorious and healing.
14. G\"s".
To the body of the Cow, to the soul of the Cow, to the powerful Drvspa 5, made by Mazda and holy.
15. Dai Pa Mihir.
To the Maker Ahura Mazda, bright and glorious, and to the Amesha-Spe"n"tas.
16. Mihir.
To Mithra 6, the lord of wide pastures, who has a thousand ears and ten thousand eyes, a God invoked by his own name; to Rma "H"v"stra 7.
17. Srsh.
To the holy, strong Sraosha 8, who is the incarnate Word, a mighty-speared and lordly God.
18. Rashn.
To Rashnu Razi"s"ta 9; to Ar"s"t"t" 10, who makes the
p. 10
world grow, who makes the world increase; to the true-spoken speech, that makes the world grow.
19. Farvardn.
To the awful, overpowering Fravashis of the holy ones 1.
20. Bahrm.
To the well-shapen, tall-formed Strength; to Verethraghna 2, made by Ahura; to the crushing Ascendant.
21. Rm.
To Rma "H"v"stra 3; to Vayu 3, who works highly 4 and is more powerful to destroy than all other creatures: to that part of thee, O Vayu, that belongs to Spe"n"ta-Mainyu 5; to the sovereign Sky, to the Boundless Time 6, to the sovereign Time of the long Period s.
22. Bd.
To the bounteous Wind, that blows below, above, before, and behind; to the manly Courage.
23. Dai Pa Dn.
To the Maker, Ahura Mazda, bright and glorious; to the Amesha-Spe"n"tas.
24. Dn.
To the most right "K"ista 7, made by Mazda and holy; to the good Law 7 of the worshippers of Mazda.
p. 11
25. Ard.
To Ashi Vanguhi 1; to the good "K"isti 2; to the good Ereth"e" 3; to the good Rasst"t" 4; to the Weal and Glory, made by Mazda; to Pre"n"di 5, of the light chariot; to the Glory of the Aryas made by Mazda; to the kingly Glory made. by Mazda; to that Glory that cannot be forcibly seized 6, made by Mazda; to the Glory of Zarathu"s"tra, made by Mazda.
26. \"s"td.
To Ar"s"t"t" 7, who makes the world grow; to Mount Ushi-darena 8, made by Mazda, the seat of holy happiness.
27. smn.
To the high, powerful Heavens; to the bright, all-happy, blissful abode of the holy ones.
28. Zemyd 9.
To the bounteous Earth; to these places, to these fields; to Mount Ushi-darena 8, made by Mazda, the seat of holy happiness; to all the mountains made by Mazda, that are seats of holy happiness, of full happiness; to the kingly Glory made by Mazda;
p. 12
to that Glory that cannot be forcibly seized 1, made by Mazda.
29. Mahraspand.
To the holy, righteousness-performing Mthra Spe"n"ta 2; to the Law opposed to the Davas, the Law of Zarathu"s"tra; to the long-traditional teaching 3; to the good Law of the worshippers of Mazda; to the Devotion to the Mthra Spe"n"ta; to the understanding that keeps 4 the Law of the worshippers of Mazda; to the knowledge of the Mthra Spe"n"ta; to the heavenly Wisdom made by Mazda; to the Wisdom acquired through the ear 5 and made by Mazda.
30. Anrn.
To the eternal 6 and sovereign luminous space 7; to the bright Gar-nmna 8; to the sovereign place of eternal Weal 9; to the "K"inva"t"-bridge 10, made by Mazda; to the tall lord Apm Nap"t" 11 and to the water made by Mazda; to Haoma 12, of holy birth; to the pious and good Blessing; to the awful cursing thought of the wise 13; to all the holy Gods of the
p. 13
heavenly world and of the material one; to the awful, overpowering Fravashis of the faithful, to the Fravashis of the first men of the law, to the Fravashis of the next-of-kin 1; to every God invoked by his own name 2.
Footnotes
3:1 J. Halvy, Revue des tudes Juives, 1881, October, p. 188.
3:2 See Yt. I, 1-23.
3:3 See Yt. Ii.
4:1 See Yt. I, 24-33.
4:2 kh"s"ti does not so much mean Peace as the power that secures peace; see note 4.
4:3 Hm-vai"n"ti, from hm-v (Yt. X, 141); possibly from van, to strike: 'Peace that smites.'
4:4 Taradhtem anyi"s" dmn, interpreted: tarvntrtm min zak n dmn pun anshth akr kartan (Phl. Comm.), 'more destroying than other creatures, to make Non-peace (Ankh"s"ti) powerless.'
4:5 snya khratu, the inborn intellect, intuition, contrasted with gaosh-srta khratu, the knowledge acquired by hearing and learning. There is between the two nearly the same relation as between the parvidy and aparvidy in Brahmanism, the former reaching Brahma in se (parabrahma), the latter "s"abdabrahma, the word-Brahma (Brahma as taught and revealed). The Mobeds of later times interpreted their name Mag"s",
, as meaning, 'men without ears,'
, 'pour insinuer que leur Docteur avait puis toute sa science dans le ciel et qu'il ne l'avait pas apprise par l'oue comme les autres hommes' (Chardin, Iii, 130; ed. Amsterdam).
4:6 See Yt. Iii.
4:7 See Vend. Xxii.
4:8 The 'golden instrument' mentioned in Nyyi"s" I, 8.
4:9 A personification of the Ormazdean weal; cf. Vend. Xxii, 3 , and Yt. Xiii, 42.
4:10 Vouru-dithra, kmak disr; she is 'the genius of the good p. 5 eye, mn hu"k"a"s"mh' (Vend. Xix, 36 [523]), the reverse of the evil eye (Yasna Lxvii, 62 [lxviii, 22]; cf. tudes Iraniennes, Ii, 182).
5:1 Vend. Introd. IV, 33; Ormazd et Ahriman, 202-206.
5:2 Ibid.
5:3 Vend. Introd. Iv, 30.
5:4 See Yt. Iv.
5:5 See Vend. Introd. Iv, 34.
5:6 The white Hm, or plant of immortality; see Vend. Introd. Iv, 28.
5:7 See Ghs.
5:8 See Yt. X.
5:9 See Yt. XV. Cf. Yasna I, 3 (7-9), where Mithra and Rma are invoked in company with the genius of the Hvani period of the day.
5:10 The Genius of Fire.
5:11 Cf. Yasna I, 4 (10-12), where Asha-Vahi"s"ta and tar are invoked in company with the genius of the Rapithwin period of the day.
6:1 Literally 'the Son of the Waters;' he was originally the Fire of lightning, as born in the clouds (like the Vedic Apm napt); he still appears in that character, Yt. Viii, 34; he is for that reason 'the lord of the females' because the waters were considered as females (cf. Yasna Xxxviii, 1 ). But, as nap"t" means also 'navel' (the same words having often the two meanings of navel' and offspring;' cf. nbhi in the Vedas and the Zend nfy, 'offspring,' from nfa 'navel'), Apm Nap"t" was interpreted as 'the spring of the waters, the navel of the waters,' which was supposed to be at the source of the Arvand (the Tigris; Neriosengh ad Yasna I, 5 [15]); cf. Yt. V, 72.
6:2 Cf. Yasna I, 5 [13-15].
6:3 See Yt. Xiii.
6:4 Perhaps better: 'to the flocks of Fravashis of the faithful, men and women.'
6:5 The Genius of Victory; see Yt. Xiv.
6:6 Cf. Yasna I, 6 [16-19].
6:7 See Yt. XI and Vend. Introd. IV, 31; Farg. Xviii, 14 seq.
6:8 The Genius of Truth; see Yt. Xii.
6:9 Truth; see Yt. Xviii.
6:10 Cf. Yasna I, 7 [20-23].
6:11 The day before dar (Dai is the Persian (
", 'yesterday,' which is the same word as the Sanskrit hyas, Latin heri). The eighth, fifteenth, and twenty-third days of the month are under the p. 7 rule of Ahura and the Amesha-Spen"tas, like the first day; they have therefore no name of their own and are named from the day that follows. The month was divided into four weeks, the first two numbering seven days, the last two numbering eight.
7:1 Or better the Glories of the Aryas' (Eramde"s"a"s"r"n"m): the Glory or "H"v"aren (Vend. Introd. IV, II, p. lxiii, note 1) is threefold, according as it illuminates the priest, the warrior, or the husbandman. Ya"s"t XIX is devoted to the praise of the "H"v"aren.
7:2 Or 'the awful kingly glory:' Kavi means a king, but it is particularly used of the kings belonging to the second and most celebrated of the two mythical dynasties of Iran. The Kavis succeeded the Paradhta or Pshddians, and Darius Codomanes was supposed to be the last of them. For an enumeration of the principal Kavis, see Yt. Xiii, 132 seq. The "H"v"aren alluded to in this clause is the "H"v"aren of the priest; 'it is the fire known as darapr [dar Frob]; or better dar Farnbag: see tudes Iraniennes, II, 84; its object is the science of the priests; by its help priests become learned and clever' (Sanskrit transl. to the tash Nyyish).
7:3 See Yt. V, 41, note.
7:4 See Yt. Xix, 56.
7:5 A mountain in Adarbai"g"n (Bundahi"s" Xii, 26), where king Husravah settled the fire Gushasp.
7:6 See Yt. V, 49.
7:7 The glory of the warriors, the fire known as dar Gushasp or Gushnasp; with its help king Husravah destroyed the idol-temples near Lake "K"k"ast, and he settled it on Mount snava"n"t" (Bund. Xvii, 7).
8:1 A mountain in Khorsn on which the Burzn fire is settled (Bund. Xii, 18).
8:2 'The fire known as darabura"g"mihira [dar Burzn Mihir]; its object is the science of husbandry.' King Gu"s"tsp established it on Mount Rava"n"t" (Bund. Xvii, 8).
8:3 All sorts of fires. See another classification, Yasna Xvii, Ii [63-67] and Bundahi"s" Xvii, 1.
8:4 See Vend. Xxii, 7.
8:5 The fire Nairy-sangha, as the messenger of Ahura, burns hereditarily in the bosom of his earthly representative, the king.
8:6 See Yt. V.
8:7 See Yt. Vi.
8:8 See Yt. VII and Vend. XXI, I, text and note.
8:9 Av-dta gu"s"; see Vend. l. l. and Bundahi"s" Iv.
8:10 Pouru-saredha gu"s": the couple born of the seed of the p. 9 only-created Bull, and from which arose two hundred and eighty species (Bund. Xi, 3).
9:1 See Yt. Viii.
9:2 See Yt. Viii, 9.
9:3 See Yt. Xii, 29-31.
9:4 See Yt. Viii, 12.
9:5 See Yt. Ix.
9:6 See Yt. X.
9:7 See Yt. Xv.
9:8 See Yt. Xi.
9:9 See Yt. Xii.
9:10 See Yt. Xviii.
10:1 See Yt. Xiii.
10:2 See Yt. Xiv.
10:3 See Yt. Xv.
10:4 Powerfully.
10:5 See Yt. Xv, 1.
10:6 See Vend. Introd. IV, 39 and lxxxii, 1.
10:7 See Yt. Xvi.
11:1 See Yt. Xvii.
11:2 Religious knowledge, wisdom (far"g"nak; nirvna"g"n"nam).
11:3 Thought ("k"ittam).
11:4 Thoughtfulness ("k"ittasthiti).
11:5 The keeper of treasures; cf. Vend. Introd. Iv, 30.
11:6 A\"h"v"aretem "h"v"aren: 'the "h"v"aren of the priests: that it cannot be forcibly seized means that one must take possession of it through virtue and righteous exertion' (Neriosengh and Pahl. Comm. to Yasna I and Iv, 14 [42]).
11:7 See Yt. Xviii.
11:8 See Yt. I, 31, text and note.
11:9 See Yt. Xix.
12:1 See p. 11, note 6.
12:2 The Holy Word.
12:3 Daregha upayana: the Genius of Teaching ("s"ixm ad"ri"s"yarpi"n"m; Yasna I, 12 [401).
12:4 In memory.
12:5 See above, 2.
12:6 Or boundless (anaghra; the Parsi anrn).
12:7 Or Infinite Light; see Vend. Introd. p. lxxxii and Bund. I. 2.
12:8 The abode of Ahura Mazda; see Vend. Xix, 32.
12:9 See Vend. Xix, 36, note 1.
12:10 See Vend. Xix, 29, note 3.
12:11 See Srzah II, 7, note.
12:12 See Vend. Introd. Iv, 28.
12:13 'The blessing (friti) is twofold: one by thought, one by words; the blessing by words is the more powerful; the curse p. 13 (upamana) in thought is the more powerful' (Neriosengh ad Yasna I, 15 [44]). Upamana is the same as the Vedic manyu.
13:1 See Yt. Xiii, 0.
13:2 In contradistinction to general invocations.
"The Zend Avesta, Part Ii (sbe23)\", James Darmesteter, tr. [1882],
Srzah I.
1. Ormazd.
To Ahura Mazda, bright and glorious 2, and to the Amesha-Spe"tas 3.
p. 4
2. Bahman.
To Vohu-Man 1; to Peace 2, whose breath is friendly 3, and who is more powerful to destroy than all other creatures 4; to the heavenly Wisdom 5, made by Mazda; and to the Wisdom acquired through the ear 5, made by Mazda.
3. Ardibehe"s"t.
To Asha-Vahi"s"ta, the fairest 6; to the much-desired Airyaman, made by Mazda 7; to the instrument made by Mazda 8; and to the good Saoka 9, with eyes of love 10, made by Mazda and holy.
p. 5
4. Shahrvar.
To Khshathra-vairya; to the metals 1; to Mercy and Charity.
5. Sapendrmad.
To the good Spe"n"ta-rmaiti 2, and to the good Rta 3, with eyes of love, made by Mazda and holy.
To Haurvat"t" 4, the master; to the prosperity of the seasons and to the years, the masters of holiness.
7. Murdd.
To Ameret"t" 5, the master; to fatness and flocks; to the plenty of corn; and to the powerful Gaokerena 6, made by Mazda.
(At the gh 7 Hvan): to Mithra 8, the lord of wide pastures and to Rma "H"v"stra 9.
(At the gh Rapithwin): to Asha-Vahi"s"ta and to tar 10, the son of Ahura Mazda 11
p. 6
(At the gh Uzren): to Apm Nap"t" 1, the tall lord, and to the water made by Mazda 2.
(At the gh Aiwisrthrem): to the Fravashis 3 of the faithful, and to the females that bring forth flocks of males 4; to the prosperity of the seasons; to the well-shapen and tall-formed Strength, to Verethraghna 5, made by Ahura, and to the crushing Ascendant 6.
(At the gh Ushahin): to the holy, devout, fiend-smiting Sraosha 7, who makes the world grow; to Rashnu Razi"s"ta 8, and to Ar"s"t"t" 9, who makes the world grow, who makes the world increase 10.
8. Dai Pa dar 11.
To the Maker Ahura Mazda, bright and glorious, and to the Amesha-Spe"n"tas.
p. 7
9. dar.
To tar, the son of Ahura Mazda; to the Glory and to the Weal, made by Mazda; to the Glory of the Aryas 1, made by Mazda; to the awful Glory of the Kavis 2, made by Mazda.
To tar, the son of Ahura Mazda; to king Husravah 3; to the lake of Husravah 4; to Mount snava"n"t" 5, made by Mazda; to Lake "K"a"k"asta 6, made by Mazda; to the Glory of the Kavis, made by Mazda 7.
p. 8
To tar, the son of Ahura Mazda; to Mount Rava"n"t" 1, made by Mazda; to the Glory of the Kavis, made by Mazda 2.
To tar, the beneficent, the warrior; the God who is a full source of Glory, the God who is a full source of healing.
To tar, the son of Ahura Mazda, with all tars 3; to the God Nairy-Sangha 4, who dwells in the navel of kings 5.
10. bn.
To the good Waters, made by Mazda; to the holy water-spring Ardvi Anhita 6; to all waters made by Mazda; to all plants made by Mazda.
11. Khorshd.
To the undying, shining, swift-horsed Sun 7.
12. Mh.
To the Moon that keeps in it the seed of the Bull 8; to the only-created Bull 9; to the Bull of many species 10.
p. 9
13. Tr.
To Ti"s"trya 1, the bright and glorious star; to the powerful Satavasa 2, made by Mazda, who pushes waters forward; to the stars, made by Mazda, that have in them the seed of the waters, the seed of the earth, the seed of the plants 3; to the star Vana"n"t" 4, made by Mazda; to those stars that are seven in number, the Haptiri"n"gas 6, made by Mazda, glorious and healing.
14. G\"s".
To the body of the Cow, to the soul of the Cow, to the powerful Drvspa 5, made by Mazda and holy.
15. Dai Pa Mihir.
To the Maker Ahura Mazda, bright and glorious, and to the Amesha-Spe"n"tas.
16. Mihir.
To Mithra 6, the lord of wide pastures, who has a thousand ears and ten thousand eyes, a God invoked by his own name; to Rma "H"v"stra 7.
17. Srsh.
To the holy, strong Sraosha 8, who is the incarnate Word, a mighty-speared and lordly God.
18. Rashn.
To Rashnu Razi"s"ta 9; to Ar"s"t"t" 10, who makes the
p. 10
world grow, who makes the world increase; to the true-spoken speech, that makes the world grow.
19. Farvardn.
To the awful, overpowering Fravashis of the holy ones 1.
20. Bahrm.
To the well-shapen, tall-formed Strength; to Verethraghna 2, made by Ahura; to the crushing Ascendant.
21. Rm.
To Rma "H"v"stra 3; to Vayu 3, who works highly 4 and is more powerful to destroy than all other creatures: to that part of thee, O Vayu, that belongs to Spe"n"ta-Mainyu 5; to the sovereign Sky, to the Boundless Time 6, to the sovereign Time of the long Period s.
22. Bd.
To the bounteous Wind, that blows below, above, before, and behind; to the manly Courage.
23. Dai Pa Dn.
To the Maker, Ahura Mazda, bright and glorious; to the Amesha-Spe"n"tas.
24. Dn.
To the most right "K"ista 7, made by Mazda and holy; to the good Law 7 of the worshippers of Mazda.
p. 11
25. Ard.
To Ashi Vanguhi 1; to the good "K"isti 2; to the good Ereth"e" 3; to the good Rasst"t" 4; to the Weal and Glory, made by Mazda; to Pre"n"di 5, of the light chariot; to the Glory of the Aryas made by Mazda; to the kingly Glory made. by Mazda; to that Glory that cannot be forcibly seized 6, made by Mazda; to the Glory of Zarathu"s"tra, made by Mazda.
26. \"s"td.
To Ar"s"t"t" 7, who makes the world grow; to Mount Ushi-darena 8, made by Mazda, the seat of holy happiness.
27. smn.
To the high, powerful Heavens; to the bright, all-happy, blissful abode of the holy ones.
28. Zemyd 9.
To the bounteous Earth; to these places, to these fields; to Mount Ushi-darena 8, made by Mazda, the seat of holy happiness; to all the mountains made by Mazda, that are seats of holy happiness, of full happiness; to the kingly Glory made by Mazda;
p. 12
to that Glory that cannot be forcibly seized 1, made by Mazda.
29. Mahraspand.
To the holy, righteousness-performing Mthra Spe"n"ta 2; to the Law opposed to the Davas, the Law of Zarathu"s"tra; to the long-traditional teaching 3; to the good Law of the worshippers of Mazda; to the Devotion to the Mthra Spe"n"ta; to the understanding that keeps 4 the Law of the worshippers of Mazda; to the knowledge of the Mthra Spe"n"ta; to the heavenly Wisdom made by Mazda; to the Wisdom acquired through the ear 5 and made by Mazda.
30. Anrn.
To the eternal 6 and sovereign luminous space 7; to the bright Gar-nmna 8; to the sovereign place of eternal Weal 9; to the "K"inva"t"-bridge 10, made by Mazda; to the tall lord Apm Nap"t" 11 and to the water made by Mazda; to Haoma 12, of holy birth; to the pious and good Blessing; to the awful cursing thought of the wise 13; to all the holy Gods of the
p. 13
heavenly world and of the material one; to the awful, overpowering Fravashis of the faithful, to the Fravashis of the first men of the law, to the Fravashis of the next-of-kin 1; to every God invoked by his own name 2.
Footnotes
3:1 J. Halvy, Revue des tudes Juives, 1881, October, p. 188.
3:2 See Yt. I, 1-23.
3:3 See Yt. Ii.
4:1 See Yt. I, 24-33.
4:2 kh"s"ti does not so much mean Peace as the power that secures peace; see note 4.
4:3 Hm-vai"n"ti, from hm-v (Yt. X, 141); possibly from van, to strike: 'Peace that smites.'
4:4 Taradhtem anyi"s" dmn, interpreted: tarvntrtm min zak n dmn pun anshth akr kartan (Phl. Comm.), 'more destroying than other creatures, to make Non-peace (Ankh"s"ti) powerless.'
4:5 snya khratu, the inborn intellect, intuition, contrasted with gaosh-srta khratu, the knowledge acquired by hearing and learning. There is between the two nearly the same relation as between the parvidy and aparvidy in Brahmanism, the former reaching Brahma in se (parabrahma), the latter "s"abdabrahma, the word-Brahma (Brahma as taught and revealed). The Mobeds of later times interpreted their name Mag"s",
, as meaning, 'men without ears,'
, 'pour insinuer que leur Docteur avait puis toute sa science dans le ciel et qu'il ne l'avait pas apprise par l'oue comme les autres hommes' (Chardin, Iii, 130; ed. Amsterdam).
4:6 See Yt. Iii.
4:7 See Vend. Xxii.
4:8 The 'golden instrument' mentioned in Nyyi"s" I, 8.
4:9 A personification of the Ormazdean weal; cf. Vend. Xxii, 3 , and Yt. Xiii, 42.
4:10 Vouru-dithra, kmak disr; she is 'the genius of the good p. 5 eye, mn hu"k"a"s"mh' (Vend. Xix, 36 [523]), the reverse of the evil eye (Yasna Lxvii, 62 [lxviii, 22]; cf. tudes Iraniennes, Ii, 182).
5:1 Vend. Introd. IV, 33; Ormazd et Ahriman, 202-206.
5:2 Ibid.
5:3 Vend. Introd. Iv, 30.
5:4 See Yt. Iv.
5:5 See Vend. Introd. Iv, 34.
5:6 The white Hm, or plant of immortality; see Vend. Introd. Iv, 28.
5:7 See Ghs.
5:8 See Yt. X.
5:9 See Yt. XV. Cf. Yasna I, 3 (7-9), where Mithra and Rma are invoked in company with the genius of the Hvani period of the day.
5:10 The Genius of Fire.
5:11 Cf. Yasna I, 4 (10-12), where Asha-Vahi"s"ta and tar are invoked in company with the genius of the Rapithwin period of the day.
6:1 Literally 'the Son of the Waters;' he was originally the Fire of lightning, as born in the clouds (like the Vedic Apm napt); he still appears in that character, Yt. Viii, 34; he is for that reason 'the lord of the females' because the waters were considered as females (cf. Yasna Xxxviii, 1 ). But, as nap"t" means also 'navel' (the same words having often the two meanings of navel' and offspring;' cf. nbhi in the Vedas and the Zend nfy, 'offspring,' from nfa 'navel'), Apm Nap"t" was interpreted as 'the spring of the waters, the navel of the waters,' which was supposed to be at the source of the Arvand (the Tigris; Neriosengh ad Yasna I, 5 [15]); cf. Yt. V, 72.
6:2 Cf. Yasna I, 5 [13-15].
6:3 See Yt. Xiii.
6:4 Perhaps better: 'to the flocks of Fravashis of the faithful, men and women.'
6:5 The Genius of Victory; see Yt. Xiv.
6:6 Cf. Yasna I, 6 [16-19].
6:7 See Yt. XI and Vend. Introd. IV, 31; Farg. Xviii, 14 seq.
6:8 The Genius of Truth; see Yt. Xii.
6:9 Truth; see Yt. Xviii.
6:10 Cf. Yasna I, 7 [20-23].
6:11 The day before dar (Dai is the Persian (
", 'yesterday,' which is the same word as the Sanskrit hyas, Latin heri). The eighth, fifteenth, and twenty-third days of the month are under the p. 7 rule of Ahura and the Amesha-Spen"tas, like the first day; they have therefore no name of their own and are named from the day that follows. The month was divided into four weeks, the first two numbering seven days, the last two numbering eight.
7:1 Or better the Glories of the Aryas' (Eramde"s"a"s"r"n"m): the Glory or "H"v"aren (Vend. Introd. IV, II, p. lxiii, note 1) is threefold, according as it illuminates the priest, the warrior, or the husbandman. Ya"s"t XIX is devoted to the praise of the "H"v"aren.
7:2 Or 'the awful kingly glory:' Kavi means a king, but it is particularly used of the kings belonging to the second and most celebrated of the two mythical dynasties of Iran. The Kavis succeeded the Paradhta or Pshddians, and Darius Codomanes was supposed to be the last of them. For an enumeration of the principal Kavis, see Yt. Xiii, 132 seq. The "H"v"aren alluded to in this clause is the "H"v"aren of the priest; 'it is the fire known as darapr [dar Frob]; or better dar Farnbag: see tudes Iraniennes, II, 84; its object is the science of the priests; by its help priests become learned and clever' (Sanskrit transl. to the tash Nyyish).
7:3 See Yt. V, 41, note.
7:4 See Yt. Xix, 56.
7:5 A mountain in Adarbai"g"n (Bundahi"s" Xii, 26), where king Husravah settled the fire Gushasp.
7:6 See Yt. V, 49.
7:7 The glory of the warriors, the fire known as dar Gushasp or Gushnasp; with its help king Husravah destroyed the idol-temples near Lake "K"k"ast, and he settled it on Mount snava"n"t" (Bund. Xvii, 7).
8:1 A mountain in Khorsn on which the Burzn fire is settled (Bund. Xii, 18).
8:2 'The fire known as darabura"g"mihira [dar Burzn Mihir]; its object is the science of husbandry.' King Gu"s"tsp established it on Mount Rava"n"t" (Bund. Xvii, 8).
8:3 All sorts of fires. See another classification, Yasna Xvii, Ii [63-67] and Bundahi"s" Xvii, 1.
8:4 See Vend. Xxii, 7.
8:5 The fire Nairy-sangha, as the messenger of Ahura, burns hereditarily in the bosom of his earthly representative, the king.
8:6 See Yt. V.
8:7 See Yt. Vi.
8:8 See Yt. VII and Vend. XXI, I, text and note.
8:9 Av-dta gu"s"; see Vend. l. l. and Bundahi"s" Iv.
8:10 Pouru-saredha gu"s": the couple born of the seed of the p. 9 only-created Bull, and from which arose two hundred and eighty species (Bund. Xi, 3).
9:1 See Yt. Viii.
9:2 See Yt. Viii, 9.
9:3 See Yt. Xii, 29-31.
9:4 See Yt. Viii, 12.
9:5 See Yt. Ix.
9:6 See Yt. X.
9:7 See Yt. Xv.
9:8 See Yt. Xi.
9:9 See Yt. Xii.
9:10 See Yt. Xviii.
10:1 See Yt. Xiii.
10:2 See Yt. Xiv.
10:3 See Yt. Xv.
10:4 Powerfully.
10:5 See Yt. Xv, 1.
10:6 See Vend. Introd. IV, 39 and lxxxii, 1.
10:7 See Yt. Xvi.
11:1 See Yt. Xvii.
11:2 Religious knowledge, wisdom (far"g"nak; nirvna"g"n"nam).
11:3 Thought ("k"ittam).
11:4 Thoughtfulness ("k"ittasthiti).
11:5 The keeper of treasures; cf. Vend. Introd. Iv, 30.
11:6 A\"h"v"aretem "h"v"aren: 'the "h"v"aren of the priests: that it cannot be forcibly seized means that one must take possession of it through virtue and righteous exertion' (Neriosengh and Pahl. Comm. to Yasna I and Iv, 14 [42]).
11:7 See Yt. Xviii.
11:8 See Yt. I, 31, text and note.
11:9 See Yt. Xix.
12:1 See p. 11, note 6.
12:2 The Holy Word.
12:3 Daregha upayana: the Genius of Teaching ("s"ixm ad"ri"s"yarpi"n"m; Yasna I, 12 [401).
12:4 In memory.
12:5 See above, 2.
12:6 Or boundless (anaghra; the Parsi anrn).
12:7 Or Infinite Light; see Vend. Introd. p. lxxxii and Bund. I. 2.
12:8 The abode of Ahura Mazda; see Vend. Xix, 32.
12:9 See Vend. Xix, 36, note 1.
12:10 See Vend. Xix, 29, note 3.
12:11 See Srzah II, 7, note.
12:12 See Vend. Introd. Iv, 28.
12:13 'The blessing (friti) is twofold: one by thought, one by words; the blessing by words is the more powerful; the curse p. 13 (upamana) in thought is the more powerful' (Neriosengh ad Yasna I, 15 [44]). Upamana is the same as the Vedic manyu.
13:1 See Yt. Xiii, 0.
13:2 In contradistinction to general invocations.
