Baudhayana. Prasna Iii, Adhyaya 10
p. 310
Pra\"S"Na Iii, Adhyya 10.
1. The law of castes and of orders has been declared. 1
2. Now, indeed, man (in) this (world is polluted) by a vile action or acts wrongly, (e.g.) sacrifices for men. unworthy to offer a sacrifice, accepts presents from those whose gifts ought not to be accepted, eats the food of those whose food ought not to be eaten, (and) practises what is forbidden. 2
3. They are in doubt if he shall perform a penance for such (a deed) or if he shall not do it.
4. (They declare that he shall not do it) because the deed does not perish.
5. (The correct opinion is) that he shall perform (a penance). 5
6. It is declared in the Veda, 'Let him offer a Punastoma; (those who offer it, may) again come to (partake of) the libations of Soma.' 6
7. He who offers a horse-sacrifice conquers all sin, he effaces the guilt of the murder of a Brhma"n"a.' 7
p. 311
8. Moreover, 'He who is being accused (of a heinous crime) shall perform an Agnish"t"ut sacrifice.'
9. Reciting the Veda, austerity, a sacrifice, fasting, giving gifts are the means for expiating such (a blamable act).
10. The purificatory (texts are), the Upanishads, the initial (verses) of the Vedas, the ends of the Vedas (vedntas), the Sa"m"hits of all the Vedas, (the Anuvkas called) Madhu, (the hymn of) Aghamarsha"n"a, the Atharva"s"iras, (the Anuvkas called the) Rudras, the Purusha hymn, the two Smans (called) R"g"ina and Rauhi"n"eya, the B"ri"hat (Sman) and the Rathantara, the Purushagati (Sman), the Mahnmns, the Mahvair"g"a (Sman), the Mahdivkrtya (Sman), any of the "G"yesh"th"a Smans, the Bahishpavamna Sman, the Kshm"n"d"s, the Pvamns, and the Svitr. 10
11. To live on milk alone, as if one were fasting, to eat vegetables only, to eat fruit only, (to live on) gruel prepared of a handful of barley-grains, to eat gold, to eat clarified butter (are the modes of subsistence) which purify.
12. All mountains, all rivers, holy lakes, bathing-places, the dwellings of "Ri"shis, cowpens, (holy) plains and temples of the gods (are) places (which destroy sin) 12
p. 312
13. Abstention from injuring living beings, truthfulness, abstention from theft (or unrighteously appropriating anything), bathing in the morning, at noon, and in the evening, obedience towards Gurus, continence, sleeping on the ground, dressing in one garment only, and abstaining from food (are the various kinds of) austerity.
14. Gold, a cow, a dress, a horse, land, sesamum, clarified butter, and food (are) the gifts.
15. A year, six months, four (months), three (months), two (months), one (month), twenty-four days, twelve days, six days, three days, a day and a night, (and) one day are the periods (for penances).
16. These (acts) may be optionally performed if no (particular penance) has been prescribed,
17. (Viz.) for great crimes difficult (penances) and for trivial faults easy ones.
18. The K"ri"k"kh"ra and the Atik"ri"k"kh"ra, as well as the "K"ndrya"n"a, are penances for all (offences).
Footnotes
310:1 10. As stated formerly, Sacred Books of the East, vol. ii, p. li this chapter is borrowed from Gautama XIX. I have therefore adopted the same division of the Stras as in the translation of the latter work.
310:2 I read, with the MSS. of the commentary, atha khalvaya"m" purusho ypyena karma"n" mithy v"k"araty aygya"m" v ygayaty apratigrhyasya v pratig"ri"h"n"ty an"s"ynnasya vnnam a"s"nty a"k"ara"n"yena v"k"arati. M. reads y"g"ayitv, and the Dekhan MSS. y"g"ayitv and pratig"ri"hya.
310:5 The Dekhan MSS. read kryd ity eva, M. kryd eva, and Govinda kuryt tv eva.
310:6 All the MSS. of the text omit the word vi"g"yate, 'it is declared in the Veda,' which is given by Govinda.
310:7 All the MSS. of the text give at the beginning of this Stra p. 311 athpy udharanti, 'now they quote also,' which Govinda omits, and which is inappropriate, because the following passages are taken from the Veda.
311:10 The word veddaya"h", which occurs also in some MSS. of Vasish"th"a (xxii, 9), must be explained, according to the analogy of karmdi, the beginning of the sacrifices' (Sya"n"a on Taitt. r. Ii, 7, 5), by 'the initial verses of the Vedas.' The Pvamns are added on the authority of Govinda alone.
311:12 'Kshetra, (holy) plains, e.g. the Kurukshetra.'--Govinda.
Pra\"S"Na Iii, Adhyya 10.
1. The law of castes and of orders has been declared. 1
2. Now, indeed, man (in) this (world is polluted) by a vile action or acts wrongly, (e.g.) sacrifices for men. unworthy to offer a sacrifice, accepts presents from those whose gifts ought not to be accepted, eats the food of those whose food ought not to be eaten, (and) practises what is forbidden. 2
3. They are in doubt if he shall perform a penance for such (a deed) or if he shall not do it.
4. (They declare that he shall not do it) because the deed does not perish.
5. (The correct opinion is) that he shall perform (a penance). 5
6. It is declared in the Veda, 'Let him offer a Punastoma; (those who offer it, may) again come to (partake of) the libations of Soma.' 6
7. He who offers a horse-sacrifice conquers all sin, he effaces the guilt of the murder of a Brhma"n"a.' 7
p. 311
8. Moreover, 'He who is being accused (of a heinous crime) shall perform an Agnish"t"ut sacrifice.'
9. Reciting the Veda, austerity, a sacrifice, fasting, giving gifts are the means for expiating such (a blamable act).
10. The purificatory (texts are), the Upanishads, the initial (verses) of the Vedas, the ends of the Vedas (vedntas), the Sa"m"hits of all the Vedas, (the Anuvkas called) Madhu, (the hymn of) Aghamarsha"n"a, the Atharva"s"iras, (the Anuvkas called the) Rudras, the Purusha hymn, the two Smans (called) R"g"ina and Rauhi"n"eya, the B"ri"hat (Sman) and the Rathantara, the Purushagati (Sman), the Mahnmns, the Mahvair"g"a (Sman), the Mahdivkrtya (Sman), any of the "G"yesh"th"a Smans, the Bahishpavamna Sman, the Kshm"n"d"s, the Pvamns, and the Svitr. 10
11. To live on milk alone, as if one were fasting, to eat vegetables only, to eat fruit only, (to live on) gruel prepared of a handful of barley-grains, to eat gold, to eat clarified butter (are the modes of subsistence) which purify.
12. All mountains, all rivers, holy lakes, bathing-places, the dwellings of "Ri"shis, cowpens, (holy) plains and temples of the gods (are) places (which destroy sin) 12
p. 312
13. Abstention from injuring living beings, truthfulness, abstention from theft (or unrighteously appropriating anything), bathing in the morning, at noon, and in the evening, obedience towards Gurus, continence, sleeping on the ground, dressing in one garment only, and abstaining from food (are the various kinds of) austerity.
14. Gold, a cow, a dress, a horse, land, sesamum, clarified butter, and food (are) the gifts.
15. A year, six months, four (months), three (months), two (months), one (month), twenty-four days, twelve days, six days, three days, a day and a night, (and) one day are the periods (for penances).
16. These (acts) may be optionally performed if no (particular penance) has been prescribed,
17. (Viz.) for great crimes difficult (penances) and for trivial faults easy ones.
18. The K"ri"k"kh"ra and the Atik"ri"k"kh"ra, as well as the "K"ndrya"n"a, are penances for all (offences).
Footnotes
310:1 10. As stated formerly, Sacred Books of the East, vol. ii, p. li this chapter is borrowed from Gautama XIX. I have therefore adopted the same division of the Stras as in the translation of the latter work.
310:2 I read, with the MSS. of the commentary, atha khalvaya"m" purusho ypyena karma"n" mithy v"k"araty aygya"m" v ygayaty apratigrhyasya v pratig"ri"h"n"ty an"s"ynnasya vnnam a"s"nty a"k"ara"n"yena v"k"arati. M. reads y"g"ayitv, and the Dekhan MSS. y"g"ayitv and pratig"ri"hya.
310:5 The Dekhan MSS. read kryd ity eva, M. kryd eva, and Govinda kuryt tv eva.
310:6 All the MSS. of the text omit the word vi"g"yate, 'it is declared in the Veda,' which is given by Govinda.
310:7 All the MSS. of the text give at the beginning of this Stra p. 311 athpy udharanti, 'now they quote also,' which Govinda omits, and which is inappropriate, because the following passages are taken from the Veda.
311:10 The word veddaya"h", which occurs also in some MSS. of Vasish"th"a (xxii, 9), must be explained, according to the analogy of karmdi, the beginning of the sacrifices' (Sya"n"a on Taitt. r. Ii, 7, 5), by 'the initial verses of the Vedas.' The Pvamns are added on the authority of Govinda alone.
311:12 'Kshetra, (holy) plains, e.g. the Kurukshetra.'--Govinda.
