Book I. Chapter Xxi
*
"The Vishnu Purana", translated by Horace Hayman Wilson, [1840],
p. 147
Chap. Xxi.
Families of the Daityas. Descendants of Kayapa by Danu. Children of Kayapa by his other wives. Birth of the Mrutas, the sons of Diti.
The sons of Sanhrda, the son of Hiranyakaipu, were yushmn, ivi, and Vshkala 1. Prahlda had a son named Virochana; whose son was Bali, who had a hundred sons, of whom Bna was the eldest 2.
Hiranyksha also had many sons, all of whom were Daityas of great prowess; Jharjhara, akuni, Bhtasantpana, Mahnbha, the mighty-armed and the valiant Traka. These were the sons of Diti 3.
The children of Kayapa by Danu were Dwimrddh, ankara, Ayomukha, ankuiras, Kapila, Samvara, Ekachakra, and another mighty Traka, Swarbhnu, Vrishaparvan, Puloman, and the powerful Viprachitti; these were the renowned Dnavas, or sons of Danu 4.
Swarbhnu had a daughter named Prabh 5; and armishth 6 was the daughter of Vrishaparvan, as were Upadnav and Hayair 7.
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Vaiswnara 8 had two daughters, Pulom and Klik, who were both married to Kayapa, and bore him sixty thousand distinguished Dnavas, called Paulomas and Klakanjas 9, who were powerful, ferocious, and cruel.
The sons of Viprachitti by Sinhik (the sister of Hiranyakaipu) were Vyana, alya the strong, Nabha the powerful, Vtpi, Namuchi, Ilwala, Khasrima, Anjaka, Naraka, and Klanbha, the valiant Swarbhnu, and the mighty Vaktrayodh 10. These were the most eminent Dnavas 11, through whom the race of Danu was multiplied by hundreds and thousands through succeeding generations.
In the family of the Daitya Prahlda, the Nivta Kavachas were born, whose spirits were purified by rigid austerity 12.
Tmr (the wife of Kayapa) had six illustrious daughters, named uk, yen, Bhs, Sugrv, uchi, and Gridhrik. uk gave birth to parrots, owls, and crows 13; yen to hawks; Bhs to kites; Gridhrik
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to vultures; uchi to water-fowl; Sugrv to horses, camels, and asses. Such were the progeny of Tmr.
Vinat bore to Kayapa two celebrated sons, Garuda and Aruna: the former, also called Suparna, was the king of the feathered tribes, and the remorseless enemy of the serpent race 14.
The children of Suras were a thousand mighty many-headed serpents, traversing the sky 15.
The progeny of Kadru were a thousand powerful many-headed serpents, of immeasurable might, subject to Garuda; the chief amongst whom were esha, Vsuki, Takshaka, ankha, weta, Mahpadma, Kambala, swatara, Elpatra, Nga, Karkkota, Dhananjaya, and many other fierce and venomous serpents 16.
The family of Krodhavas were all sharp-toothed monsters 17, whether on the earth, amongst the birds, or in the waters, that were devourers of flesh.
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18Surabhi was the mother of cows and buffaloes 19: Ir, of trees and creeping plants and shrubs, and every kind of grass: Khas, of the Rkshasas and Yakshas 20: Muni, of the Apsarasas 21: and Arisht, of the illustrious Gandharbas.
These were the children of Kayapa, whether movable or stationary, whose descendants multiplied infinitely through successive generations 22. This creation, oh Brahman, took place in the second or Swrochisha Manwantara. In the present or Vaivaswata Manwantara, Brahm being engaged at the great sacrifice instituted by Varuna, the creation of progeny, as it is called, occurred; for he begot, as his sons, the seven Rishis, who were formerly mind-engendered; and was himself the grand-sire of the Gandharbas, serpents, Dnavas, and gods 23.
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Diti, having lost her children, propitiated Kayapa; and the best of ascetics, being pleased with her, promised her a boon; on which she prayed for a son of irresistible prowess and valour, who should destroy Indra. The excellent Muni granted his wife the great gift she had solicited, but with one condition: "You shall bear a son," he said, "who shall slay Indra, if with thoughts wholly pious, and person entirely pure, you carefully carry the babe in your womb for a hundred years." Having thus said, Kayapa departed; and the dame conceived, and during gestation assiduously observed the rules of mental and personal purity. When the king of the immortals, learnt that Diti bore a son destined for his destruction, he came to her, and attended upon her with the utmost humility, watching for an opportunity to disappoint her intention. At last, in the last year of the century, the opportunity occurred. Diti
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retired one night to rest without performing the prescribed ablution of her feet, and fell asleep; on which the thunderer divided with his thunderbolt the embryo in her womb into seven portions. The child, thus mutilated, cried bitterly; and Indra repeatedly attempted to console and silence it, but in vain: on which the god, being incensed, again divided each of the seven portions into seven, and thus formed the swift-moving deities called Mrutas (winds). They derived this appellation from the words with which Indra had addressed them (M rodh, 'Weep not'); and they became forty-nine subordinate divinities, the associates of the wielder of the thunderbolt 24.
Footnotes
147:1 The Padma P. makes these the sons of Prahlda. The Bhgavata says there were five sons, but does not give the names. It also inserts the sons of Hlda, making them the celebrated demons Ilwala and Vtpi. The Vyu refers to Hlda, other Daityas, famous in Paurnic legend, making his son, Nisunda; and his sons, Sunda and Upasunda; the former the father of Marcha and Trak; the latter, of Mka.
147:2 The Padma P. and Vyu name several of these, but they are not of any note: the latter gives the names of two daughters, who are more celebrated, Ptan and akuni.
147:3 The descendants of Hiranyksha are said, in the Padma P., to have extended to seventy-seven crores, or seven hundred and seventy millions. Some copies, for Traka, read Klanbha.
147:4 The Padma and Vyu P. furnish a much longer list of names, but those of most note are the same as in the text, with which also the Bhgavata for the most part agrees.
147:5 The Bhgavata makes Prabh the wife of Namuchi: according to the Vyu, she is the mother of Nahusha.
147:6 Married to Yayti, as will be related.
147:7 The text might be understood to imply that the latter two were the daughters of Vaiswnara; and the Bhgavata has, "The four lovely daughters of Vaiswnara were Upadnav, Hayairas, Pulom, and Klak." The Padma substitutes Vajr and Sundar for the two former names. The Vyu specifies only Pulom and Klik as the daughters of Vaiswnara, as does our text. Upadnav, according to the Bhgavata, is the wife of Hiranyksha; and Hayairas, of Kratu.
148:8 Though not specified by the text as one of the Dnavas, he is included in the catalogue of the Vyu, and the commentator on the Bhgavata calls him a son of Danu.
148:9 The word is also read Klakas and Klakeyas: the Mahbhrata, I. 643, has Klakanjas.
148:10 The text omits the two most celebrated of the Sainhikeyas, or sons of Sinhik, Rhu (see p. 78. note 8) and Ketu, who are specified both in the Bhgavata and the Vyu; the former as the eldest son. Of the other sons it is said by the Vyu that they were all killed by Paraurma.
148:11 Two names of note, found in the Vyu, are omitted by the Vishnu; that of Puloman, the father of ach, the wife of Indra, and mother of Jayanta; and Maya, the father of Vajrakm and Mahodar.
148:12 The Bhgavata says the Paulomas were killed by Arjuna, who therefore, the commentator observes, were the same as the Nivta Kavachas: but the Mahbhrata describes the destruction of the Nivta Kavachas and of the Paulomas and Klakeyas as the successive exploits of Arjuna. Vana P. 8. I. 633. The story is narrated in detail only in the Mahbhrata, which is consequently prior to all the Purnas in which the allusion occurs. According to that work, the Nivta Kavachas were Dnavas, to the number of thirty millions, residing in the depths of the sea; and the Paulomas and Klakanjas were the children of two Daitya dames, Pulom and Klak, inhabiting Hiranyapura, the golden city, floating in the air.
148:13 All the copies read ### which should be, 'k bore parrots; and Ulk, the several sorts of owls? but Ulk is nowhere named as one of the daughters of Tmr; and the reading may be, 'Owls p. 149 and birds opposed to owls, i. e. crows. The authorities generally concur with our text; but the Vyu has a somewhat different account; or, uk, married to Garuda, the mother of parrots: yen, married to Aruna, mother of Sampti and Jatyu: Bhs, the mother of jays, owls, crows, peacocks, pigeons, and fowls: Kraunchi, the parent of curlews, herons, cranes: and Dhritarshtr, the mother of geese, ducks, teal, and other water-fowl. The three last are also called the wives of Garuda.
149:14 Most of the Purnas agree in this account; but the Bhgavata makes Vinat the wife of Trksha, and in this place substitutes Saram, the mother of wild animals. The Vyu adds the metres of the Vedas as the daughters of Vinat; and the Padma gives her one daughter Saudmin.
149:15 The dragons of modern fable. Anyush or Danyush is substituted for Suras in the Vyu, and in one of the accounts of the Padma. The Bhgavata says Rkshasas were her offspring. The Matsya has both Suras and Anyush, making the former the parent of all quadrupeds, except cows; the latter, the mother of diseases.
149:16 The Vyu names forty: the most noted amongst whom, in addition to those of the text, are Airvata, Dhritarshtra, Mahnila, Balhaka, Anjana, Pushpadanshtra, Durmukha, Klya, Pundarka, Kapila, Nhusha, and Mani.
149:17 By Danshtrina some understand, serpents, some Rkshasas; but by the context carnivorous animals, birds, and fishes seem intended. The Vyu makes Krodhava the mother of twelve daughters, Mrig and others, from whom all wild animals, deer, elephants, monkeys, tigers, lions, dogs, also fishes, reptiles, and Bhtas and Pichas, or goblins, sprang.
150:18 One copy only inserts a half stanza here; "Krodh was the mother of the Pichas;" which is an interpolation apparently from the Matsya or Hari Vana. The Padma P., second legend, makes Krodh the mother of the Bhtas; and Pich, of the Pichs.
150:19 The Bhgavata says, of animals with cloven hoofs. The Vyu has, of the eleven Rudras, of the bull of iva, and of two daughters, Rohin and Gandharb; from the former of whom descended horned cattle; and from the latter, horses.
150:20 According to the Vyu, Khas had two sons, Yaksha and Rkshas, severally the progenitors of those beings.
150:21 The Padma, second series, makes Vch the mother of both Apsarasas and Gandharbas: the Vyu has long lists of the names of both classes, as well as of Vidydharas and Kinnaras. The Apsarasas are distinguished as of two kinds, Laukika, 'worldly,' of whom thirty-four are specified; and Daivika, or 'divine,' ten in number: the latter furnish the individuals most frequently engaged in the interruption of the penances of holy sages, such as Menak, Sahajany, Ghritch, Pramloch, Viswchi, and Prvachitti. Urva is of a different order to both, being the daughter of Nryana. Rambh, Tilotam Misrake, are included amongst the Laukika nymphs. There are also fourteen Ganas, or troops, of Apsarasas, bearing peculiar designations, as htas, Sobhayants, Vegavats, &c.
150:22 The Krma, Matsya, Brhma, Linga, Agni, Padma, and Vyu Purnas agree generally with our text in the description of Kayapa's wives and progeny. The Vyu enters most into details, and contains very long catalogues of the names of the different characters descended from the sage. The Padma and Matsya and the Hari Vana repeat the story, but admit several variations, some of which have been adverted to in the preceding notes.
150:23 We have a considerable variation here in the commentary, and it may be doubted if the allusion in the text is accurately explained by either of the versions. In one it is said that 'Brahm, the grandsire of p. 151 the Gandharbas, ' that is, to all other beings. Thus the gods and the rest, who in a former Manwantara originated from Kayapa, were created in the present period as the offspring of the seven Rishis. The other explanation agrees with the preceding in ascribing the birth of all creatures to the intermediate agency of the seven Rishis, but calls them the actual sons of Brahm, begotten at the sacrifice of Vanilla, in the sacrificial fire. The authority for the story is not given, beyond its being in other Purnas, it has the air of a modern mystification. The latter member of the passage is separated altogether from the foregoing, and carried on to what follows: thus; "In the war of the Gandharbas, serpents, gods, and demons, Diti having lost her children," the word 'virodha' being understood, it is said, This is defended by the authority of the Hari Vana, where the passage occurs word for word, except in the last half stanza, which, instead of ### occurs ###. The parallel passages are thus rendered by M. Langlois: 'Le Mouni Swarotchicha avoit cess de rgner quand cette cration eut lieu: c'tait sous l'empire du Menou Vevaswata le sacrifice de Varouna avait commenc. La premire cration fut celle de Brahm, quand il jugea qu'il tait temps de procder son sacrifice, et que, souverain aeul du monde, il forma lui-mme dans sa pense et enfanta les sept Brahmarchis.'
152:24 This legend occurs in all those Purnas in which the account of Kayapa's family is related.
"The Vishnu Purana", translated by Horace Hayman Wilson, [1840],
p. 147
Chap. Xxi.
Families of the Daityas. Descendants of Kayapa by Danu. Children of Kayapa by his other wives. Birth of the Mrutas, the sons of Diti.
The sons of Sanhrda, the son of Hiranyakaipu, were yushmn, ivi, and Vshkala 1. Prahlda had a son named Virochana; whose son was Bali, who had a hundred sons, of whom Bna was the eldest 2.
Hiranyksha also had many sons, all of whom were Daityas of great prowess; Jharjhara, akuni, Bhtasantpana, Mahnbha, the mighty-armed and the valiant Traka. These were the sons of Diti 3.
The children of Kayapa by Danu were Dwimrddh, ankara, Ayomukha, ankuiras, Kapila, Samvara, Ekachakra, and another mighty Traka, Swarbhnu, Vrishaparvan, Puloman, and the powerful Viprachitti; these were the renowned Dnavas, or sons of Danu 4.
Swarbhnu had a daughter named Prabh 5; and armishth 6 was the daughter of Vrishaparvan, as were Upadnav and Hayair 7.
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Vaiswnara 8 had two daughters, Pulom and Klik, who were both married to Kayapa, and bore him sixty thousand distinguished Dnavas, called Paulomas and Klakanjas 9, who were powerful, ferocious, and cruel.
The sons of Viprachitti by Sinhik (the sister of Hiranyakaipu) were Vyana, alya the strong, Nabha the powerful, Vtpi, Namuchi, Ilwala, Khasrima, Anjaka, Naraka, and Klanbha, the valiant Swarbhnu, and the mighty Vaktrayodh 10. These were the most eminent Dnavas 11, through whom the race of Danu was multiplied by hundreds and thousands through succeeding generations.
In the family of the Daitya Prahlda, the Nivta Kavachas were born, whose spirits were purified by rigid austerity 12.
Tmr (the wife of Kayapa) had six illustrious daughters, named uk, yen, Bhs, Sugrv, uchi, and Gridhrik. uk gave birth to parrots, owls, and crows 13; yen to hawks; Bhs to kites; Gridhrik
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to vultures; uchi to water-fowl; Sugrv to horses, camels, and asses. Such were the progeny of Tmr.
Vinat bore to Kayapa two celebrated sons, Garuda and Aruna: the former, also called Suparna, was the king of the feathered tribes, and the remorseless enemy of the serpent race 14.
The children of Suras were a thousand mighty many-headed serpents, traversing the sky 15.
The progeny of Kadru were a thousand powerful many-headed serpents, of immeasurable might, subject to Garuda; the chief amongst whom were esha, Vsuki, Takshaka, ankha, weta, Mahpadma, Kambala, swatara, Elpatra, Nga, Karkkota, Dhananjaya, and many other fierce and venomous serpents 16.
The family of Krodhavas were all sharp-toothed monsters 17, whether on the earth, amongst the birds, or in the waters, that were devourers of flesh.
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18Surabhi was the mother of cows and buffaloes 19: Ir, of trees and creeping plants and shrubs, and every kind of grass: Khas, of the Rkshasas and Yakshas 20: Muni, of the Apsarasas 21: and Arisht, of the illustrious Gandharbas.
These were the children of Kayapa, whether movable or stationary, whose descendants multiplied infinitely through successive generations 22. This creation, oh Brahman, took place in the second or Swrochisha Manwantara. In the present or Vaivaswata Manwantara, Brahm being engaged at the great sacrifice instituted by Varuna, the creation of progeny, as it is called, occurred; for he begot, as his sons, the seven Rishis, who were formerly mind-engendered; and was himself the grand-sire of the Gandharbas, serpents, Dnavas, and gods 23.
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Diti, having lost her children, propitiated Kayapa; and the best of ascetics, being pleased with her, promised her a boon; on which she prayed for a son of irresistible prowess and valour, who should destroy Indra. The excellent Muni granted his wife the great gift she had solicited, but with one condition: "You shall bear a son," he said, "who shall slay Indra, if with thoughts wholly pious, and person entirely pure, you carefully carry the babe in your womb for a hundred years." Having thus said, Kayapa departed; and the dame conceived, and during gestation assiduously observed the rules of mental and personal purity. When the king of the immortals, learnt that Diti bore a son destined for his destruction, he came to her, and attended upon her with the utmost humility, watching for an opportunity to disappoint her intention. At last, in the last year of the century, the opportunity occurred. Diti
p. 152
retired one night to rest without performing the prescribed ablution of her feet, and fell asleep; on which the thunderer divided with his thunderbolt the embryo in her womb into seven portions. The child, thus mutilated, cried bitterly; and Indra repeatedly attempted to console and silence it, but in vain: on which the god, being incensed, again divided each of the seven portions into seven, and thus formed the swift-moving deities called Mrutas (winds). They derived this appellation from the words with which Indra had addressed them (M rodh, 'Weep not'); and they became forty-nine subordinate divinities, the associates of the wielder of the thunderbolt 24.
Footnotes
147:1 The Padma P. makes these the sons of Prahlda. The Bhgavata says there were five sons, but does not give the names. It also inserts the sons of Hlda, making them the celebrated demons Ilwala and Vtpi. The Vyu refers to Hlda, other Daityas, famous in Paurnic legend, making his son, Nisunda; and his sons, Sunda and Upasunda; the former the father of Marcha and Trak; the latter, of Mka.
147:2 The Padma P. and Vyu name several of these, but they are not of any note: the latter gives the names of two daughters, who are more celebrated, Ptan and akuni.
147:3 The descendants of Hiranyksha are said, in the Padma P., to have extended to seventy-seven crores, or seven hundred and seventy millions. Some copies, for Traka, read Klanbha.
147:4 The Padma and Vyu P. furnish a much longer list of names, but those of most note are the same as in the text, with which also the Bhgavata for the most part agrees.
147:5 The Bhgavata makes Prabh the wife of Namuchi: according to the Vyu, she is the mother of Nahusha.
147:6 Married to Yayti, as will be related.
147:7 The text might be understood to imply that the latter two were the daughters of Vaiswnara; and the Bhgavata has, "The four lovely daughters of Vaiswnara were Upadnav, Hayairas, Pulom, and Klak." The Padma substitutes Vajr and Sundar for the two former names. The Vyu specifies only Pulom and Klik as the daughters of Vaiswnara, as does our text. Upadnav, according to the Bhgavata, is the wife of Hiranyksha; and Hayairas, of Kratu.
148:8 Though not specified by the text as one of the Dnavas, he is included in the catalogue of the Vyu, and the commentator on the Bhgavata calls him a son of Danu.
148:9 The word is also read Klakas and Klakeyas: the Mahbhrata, I. 643, has Klakanjas.
148:10 The text omits the two most celebrated of the Sainhikeyas, or sons of Sinhik, Rhu (see p. 78. note 8) and Ketu, who are specified both in the Bhgavata and the Vyu; the former as the eldest son. Of the other sons it is said by the Vyu that they were all killed by Paraurma.
148:11 Two names of note, found in the Vyu, are omitted by the Vishnu; that of Puloman, the father of ach, the wife of Indra, and mother of Jayanta; and Maya, the father of Vajrakm and Mahodar.
148:12 The Bhgavata says the Paulomas were killed by Arjuna, who therefore, the commentator observes, were the same as the Nivta Kavachas: but the Mahbhrata describes the destruction of the Nivta Kavachas and of the Paulomas and Klakeyas as the successive exploits of Arjuna. Vana P. 8. I. 633. The story is narrated in detail only in the Mahbhrata, which is consequently prior to all the Purnas in which the allusion occurs. According to that work, the Nivta Kavachas were Dnavas, to the number of thirty millions, residing in the depths of the sea; and the Paulomas and Klakanjas were the children of two Daitya dames, Pulom and Klak, inhabiting Hiranyapura, the golden city, floating in the air.
148:13 All the copies read ### which should be, 'k bore parrots; and Ulk, the several sorts of owls? but Ulk is nowhere named as one of the daughters of Tmr; and the reading may be, 'Owls p. 149 and birds opposed to owls, i. e. crows. The authorities generally concur with our text; but the Vyu has a somewhat different account; or, uk, married to Garuda, the mother of parrots: yen, married to Aruna, mother of Sampti and Jatyu: Bhs, the mother of jays, owls, crows, peacocks, pigeons, and fowls: Kraunchi, the parent of curlews, herons, cranes: and Dhritarshtr, the mother of geese, ducks, teal, and other water-fowl. The three last are also called the wives of Garuda.
149:14 Most of the Purnas agree in this account; but the Bhgavata makes Vinat the wife of Trksha, and in this place substitutes Saram, the mother of wild animals. The Vyu adds the metres of the Vedas as the daughters of Vinat; and the Padma gives her one daughter Saudmin.
149:15 The dragons of modern fable. Anyush or Danyush is substituted for Suras in the Vyu, and in one of the accounts of the Padma. The Bhgavata says Rkshasas were her offspring. The Matsya has both Suras and Anyush, making the former the parent of all quadrupeds, except cows; the latter, the mother of diseases.
149:16 The Vyu names forty: the most noted amongst whom, in addition to those of the text, are Airvata, Dhritarshtra, Mahnila, Balhaka, Anjana, Pushpadanshtra, Durmukha, Klya, Pundarka, Kapila, Nhusha, and Mani.
149:17 By Danshtrina some understand, serpents, some Rkshasas; but by the context carnivorous animals, birds, and fishes seem intended. The Vyu makes Krodhava the mother of twelve daughters, Mrig and others, from whom all wild animals, deer, elephants, monkeys, tigers, lions, dogs, also fishes, reptiles, and Bhtas and Pichas, or goblins, sprang.
150:18 One copy only inserts a half stanza here; "Krodh was the mother of the Pichas;" which is an interpolation apparently from the Matsya or Hari Vana. The Padma P., second legend, makes Krodh the mother of the Bhtas; and Pich, of the Pichs.
150:19 The Bhgavata says, of animals with cloven hoofs. The Vyu has, of the eleven Rudras, of the bull of iva, and of two daughters, Rohin and Gandharb; from the former of whom descended horned cattle; and from the latter, horses.
150:20 According to the Vyu, Khas had two sons, Yaksha and Rkshas, severally the progenitors of those beings.
150:21 The Padma, second series, makes Vch the mother of both Apsarasas and Gandharbas: the Vyu has long lists of the names of both classes, as well as of Vidydharas and Kinnaras. The Apsarasas are distinguished as of two kinds, Laukika, 'worldly,' of whom thirty-four are specified; and Daivika, or 'divine,' ten in number: the latter furnish the individuals most frequently engaged in the interruption of the penances of holy sages, such as Menak, Sahajany, Ghritch, Pramloch, Viswchi, and Prvachitti. Urva is of a different order to both, being the daughter of Nryana. Rambh, Tilotam Misrake, are included amongst the Laukika nymphs. There are also fourteen Ganas, or troops, of Apsarasas, bearing peculiar designations, as htas, Sobhayants, Vegavats, &c.
150:22 The Krma, Matsya, Brhma, Linga, Agni, Padma, and Vyu Purnas agree generally with our text in the description of Kayapa's wives and progeny. The Vyu enters most into details, and contains very long catalogues of the names of the different characters descended from the sage. The Padma and Matsya and the Hari Vana repeat the story, but admit several variations, some of which have been adverted to in the preceding notes.
150:23 We have a considerable variation here in the commentary, and it may be doubted if the allusion in the text is accurately explained by either of the versions. In one it is said that 'Brahm, the grandsire of p. 151 the Gandharbas, ' that is, to all other beings. Thus the gods and the rest, who in a former Manwantara originated from Kayapa, were created in the present period as the offspring of the seven Rishis. The other explanation agrees with the preceding in ascribing the birth of all creatures to the intermediate agency of the seven Rishis, but calls them the actual sons of Brahm, begotten at the sacrifice of Vanilla, in the sacrificial fire. The authority for the story is not given, beyond its being in other Purnas, it has the air of a modern mystification. The latter member of the passage is separated altogether from the foregoing, and carried on to what follows: thus; "In the war of the Gandharbas, serpents, gods, and demons, Diti having lost her children," the word 'virodha' being understood, it is said, This is defended by the authority of the Hari Vana, where the passage occurs word for word, except in the last half stanza, which, instead of ### occurs ###. The parallel passages are thus rendered by M. Langlois: 'Le Mouni Swarotchicha avoit cess de rgner quand cette cration eut lieu: c'tait sous l'empire du Menou Vevaswata le sacrifice de Varouna avait commenc. La premire cration fut celle de Brahm, quand il jugea qu'il tait temps de procder son sacrifice, et que, souverain aeul du monde, il forma lui-mme dans sa pense et enfanta les sept Brahmarchis.'
152:24 This legend occurs in all those Purnas in which the account of Kayapa's family is related.
